Sport Psychologists – Applied and International Since 2005
Category: Mental Toughness Digest
The Mental Toughness Digest is a weekly email sent by the sport and performance psychologists from Condor Performance. It’s our way of staying in touch with the thousands of people who have contacted us since it all started in 2005.
The Digest doesn’t pretend to be a source of scientific facts that might be found in a peer-reviewed journal. Instead, it aims to promote thoughts and discussions about the important role that psychology plays in sport and performance.
Body Language for Sport and Performance is a free article by internationally renowned sport psychologist Gareth J. Mole from Condor Performance.
Working on body language is a key component of sport/performance psychology.
A Quick Introduction to Body Language
The first and most important aspect of improving your body language is to accept/believe that the way you look on the outside doesn’t always need to match how you feel on the inside. Before reading the remainder of this article, I would like you to reflect on the following question for a few minutes.
If you don’t buy into this fact, believing that certain strong emotions are always going to come out (“I couldn’t help it”) through your facial expressions and the rest of your body, then there is no point in moving on to some of the strategies below until you have worked out a way to prove yourself wrong.
Suppose you have no idea how, then hire an acting coach for a few hours and ask them to teach you. Alternatively, please email us to request to work with performance psychologist Brian Langsworth, an expert in this area due to his background in the performing arts. Alternatively, please scroll to the bottom of this blog, where I have added two of my favourite body language improvement videos from YouTube.
If you’ve been reading some of my colleague Madalyn’s excellent recent sport-specific articles, you’ll be aware that actions, thoughts and feelings are more separate (independent) than most people believe. Body Language movements are actions and actions alone. They are neither thoughts norfeelings.
But if you are already a believer, then read on …
Body Language is best broken down into three main areas.
First, we have the face (eyes and mouth), then the head, and finally the rest of the body (the parts below the neck). Generally, Body Language doesn’t incorporate other nonverbal forms of communication, such as tone of voice or grunts. However, this is undoubtedly another aspect that can be improved. Think about how important communication is in team sports and how little non-verbal communication is targeted for improvement in such teams (not the ones we work with, of course).
A nice, gentle introduction to improving your body language is to go through these three areas and mix them up. Many athletes and performers who take body language seriously (typically, the most successful ones … surprise, surprise) use a mirror or record themselves whilst doing this, but it’s not essential. Why not try right now? Make a happy face, then a sad one, then a calm one, followed by an angry one.
The Next Step …
The next step is to try and identify what you believe is the Optimal Body Language (face, head position and rest of body) for certain predictable situations that are common in your sport/performance area.
For example, you may be a tennis player and recognise that immediately after the conclusion of each point is a key opportunity to display a particular form of body language. It can also be helpful to identify destructive body language in these situations.
Remember, one of the most significant disadvantages of feeling that you have no control over your body language is that you are providing a considerable amount of unnecessary information to your opponent. If you and I are playing a competitive match against one another, I will want you to be as unaware as possible of how I’m travelling. From the outside (to my opponents), I would like to appear neutral.
The template for this would look something like this (which you can copy and paste):
In situation X, I would like my face to appear A, my head B, and my [replace with the name of body part] C.
Here is an example for a tennis player;
In a situation where my opponent is arguing with the umpire, ideally, my face would appear calm with a slight smile, my head upright, looking towards the crowd, and my hands behind my back. What would be counterproductive is to approach the chair and look frustrated by putting my hands on my hips and shaking my head.
🤫 Expert Tip: Neutral Body Language is almost always better than Positive Body Language.
Now It’s Your Turn …
Once you have established your Body Language preferences, it’s time to practice them. At this stage, using a full-length reflective surface or a recording device is highly recommended. How you think you look from inside your body might not be what you’re looking for, so you can adjust before the actions start to become second nature (via repetitions).
The final stage is to determine whether you can replicate the situations through more mentally demanding practice. In other words, in the above example, this tennis player would first practice Optimal Body Language in any setting and later conduct practice sessions in which, during a practice match, their hitting partner intentionally stops to argue with the umpire. And of course, any other situation previously identified in which displaying the appropriate body language may be challenging.
The final part is to embed this body-language practice in everyday training contexts. There is rarely a substitute for repetition, and, as explained in a previous blog, in the end, Practice Makes Permanent, not perfect.
Get In Touch
If you would like professional assistance with your Body Language for Sport and Performance or any other mental area, use the form below to get in touch. If you want to know more about our monthly options before contacting us, then watch this 13-minute video first.
Canberra based Sport Psychologist Harley de Vos muses about how overstated CONFIDENCE is as a performance predictor in most sports and other performance domains.
It is better to be excellent at taking corner kicks than to be confident without the ability to execute a skill consistently.
Are You Competent Or Just Confident?
“I just need to feel more confident, and I will be able to perform at my best. Can you help me build confidence in my abilities?”
This is one of the most common reasons why athletes and performers reach out to us at Condor Performance. This article aims to debunk common misconceptions about confidence. It may even help you feel more confident when you perform! But probably not in the way that you would imagine.
Confidence Vs. Competence
Confidence is simply the belief in one’s ability to perform a particular behaviour or action. Confidence is not a magical state that guarantees you will perform at your best. If only! Ultimately, confidence is a feeling or a thought (or a combination), but it is definitely not an action. In other words, it is quite possible to lack confidence in something you are excellent at, as well as be very confident in something that you suck at.
Competence, on the other hand, is defined as the ability to do something successfully or efficiently. Competence is what we develop over time through training, practice, hard work and repetition. And in the long run, competence is far more helpful for performance than confidence ever will be.
Competence, for the most part, is permanent, reliable, and predictable. Confidence, on the other hand, can be fleeting and unpredictable.
Consider The Following Scenario
You are an experienced driver and are driving your car to training. In this scenario, your ability to drive the vehicle, to use the brakes and accelerator as you need, to indicate when you are turning, to change gears, and so forth is your competence. In other words, you are a competent driver. And so, where does confidence fit in?
You may feel confident in your driving ability, but you may not. The weather conditions may be challenging for driving. Maybe it is dark. Perhaps there is heavy traffic, or the roads are unfamiliar. Regardless of the circumstances, you don’t need to feel confident.
The same applies to performance.
Consistent motor execution (i.e., actions) is possible regardless of how you feel. We don’t need to feel confident to perform. Most athletes and other performers have experienced this at least once: the “Surprise Performance”—a situation where the performance was excellent despite all sorts of self-doubt. Sometimes our clients describe themselves as surprised by their ability to perform so well whilst lacking confidence. As evidence-based sport psychologists and performance psychologists, this is not surprising to us in the slightest.
Hmm, Tell Me More …
As a sport psychologist, part of my consulting approach is to focus on learning to accept our thoughts and feelings while remaining committed to our actions. With this approach, I focus on using our actions to generate the thoughts and feelings we want, rather than the other way around.
If we take the view that we need to feel confident to perform, we are relying on our feelings to influence our actions. The pitfall of this approach is that we are (highly) unlikely to wake up one day, suddenly filled with confidence and ready to perform. By clinging to the belief that confidence is the key to performance, we are likely to undermine our ability to perform when we do not feel confident.
It is more effective to focus on our actions (i.e., what we are doing) and use them to generate our feelings. When it comes to confidence, we want to focus on actions that help build it and let the feeling follow. These actions can include our body language and confidence, even when we don’t feel it (“Fake It Til You Feel It”), as well as our preparation and performance routines. By focusing on our actions, we are focusing on our competence. Focus on actions first; feelings will follow. In other words, competence before confidence.
Not Convinced Yet, Then Read On …
Another reason why focusing on competence before confidence will help you to perform better is that competence can be measured easily and directly, whereas confidence can’t.
If we use the driving scenario above, we can measure our driving competence with a driving test or by counting the number of speeding fines we receive. To drive a car, we need a license. Passing a driving test is evidence of our competence as drivers, not of our confidence.
But how can we measure our level of confidence when it comes to driving? The answer is that we can’t, not objectively anyway. We may feel confident as a driver, only to find ourselves in a challenging, unfamiliar environment (such as driving at night on unfamiliar roads in the rain), and suddenly our confidence disappears.
Focusing on our competence, which we can easily and directly measure, helps guide our practice. We can focus on developing and refining our skills and measuring our progress.
Competence Before Confidence – Conclusion
One common misconception about elite athletes and performers is that we often overestimate their level of confidence. We assume that, given their skill and experience, they must have supreme confidence.
But this is far from true.
Some performers never feel absolute confidence. Some performers are so plagued by self-doubt, performance anxiety, and insecurity that they cannot feel confident before or during performances. Yet they can still produce exceptional performance despite not feeling confident. How are they capable of this? Because they focus on competence instead of confidence.
To help you feel more confident, focus on improving. How? Through the right amount of high-quality practice. After all, as detailed in this excellent article by my colleague Gareth, Practice Makes Permanent. He also wrote another article closely related to this one, titled The Confidence Myth.
The sport psychologists and performance psychologists at Condor Performance are increasingly adopting a Webcam-Only Sport Psychology approach. Here are some of the reasons why. Agree or disagree? Use the comments section at the bottom to express your views.
Is This The Best Terminology?
Before I get into the core premise of this article, which is to compare and contrast the process of receiving and delivering sports psychology sessions via WebCam versus in-person sessions, I want to spend a few minutes just discussing terminology and labels.
You may want to put on your hard hat for this, as it’s a minefield 🪖.
The term most commonly used in scientific research is sports cyberpsychology. You’ll see this term commonly referenced at the bottom of this article, where I’ve included numerous references showing the effectiveness of sports psychology sessions via WebCam. Big thanks to my colleague, Dr Michelle Pain, for helping me with the research for this article.
And perhaps it’s just my personal opinion, but the word “cyber” immediately makes me think of the movie “Terminator 2” and antivirus software on your PC.
It goes without saying that at Condor Performance, we will not adopt this label to refer to our primary webcam-based mental toughness training.
It would be fantastic if you could use the comments section at the bottom of this article to pick the one that you think is the most appropriate and provide a quick rationale for why ⬇️ .
Without wanting to influence you, my favourite is ‘webcam-based Sport Psychology’. In the fewest possible words, this literally describes the work that we do most of the time. In fact, one of our sport psychologists has such a strong preference for delivering sessions this way that she no longer conducts any in-person consultations. And therefore it would not be incorrect to refer to her as a webcam-based Sport Psychologist (yes, she has the endorsement). If we were looking to start an acronym for this type of mental training, it might be wbSP.
For those who think that, eventually, the term Performance Psychology will subsume Sport psychology (listen to this Podcast for more on this), it would simply be Webcam-Based Performance Psychology (wbPP).
When Did It All Start?
I can’t recall the exact date, but the first session I (and, by extension, anyone at Condor Performance) delivered, in which the client was not in the same room, was a phone session with a New Zealand-based weightlifter.
It was around 2006, and although Skype was available, it was too unreliable compared with a phone connection. This New Zealand athlete found me (it was just me then) online (no idea how) and asked whether phone sessions were possible. I say fine, and we have never looked back.
So you can imagine the euphoria when, a couple of years later, we (2 or 3 of us by then) started delivering our first sessions via webcam. Although Skype was far from perfect at the time, it did the job. It’s almost as if the technology was invented for sport psychology and for sport psychologists.
As the years passed and we grew, and as technology improved, it became increasingly clear to us that we needed to deliver sessions (a core part of our monthly approach to mental training) this way.
Which Platforms Are Best?
Zoom is the most widely used video conferencing platform globally and at Condor Performance.
Google Meets and Microsoft Teams would be the silver and bronze medalists at this stage. Although we’re not at that point yet, our preference is to ask the client which platform they are most comfortable with and use it.
I imagine a time when, in training the next generation of Sports Psychologists, it will be necessary to become highly proficient with all the leading platforms (Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Google Meet, and Webex).
Pros and Cons
There is one genuine and unavoidable advantage of a session that takes place when the performance client and the performance psychologist are in the same room (we call these Same Place Sessions). The psychologist can observe the individual’s entire body language.
By this, I mean they can see their arms and legs. Typically, webcam-to-webcam images show only the upper body, so facial expressions are visible, but overall body language is obscured (out of view).
How important is it for a sports psychologist to observe a client’s body language during sessions? Answer: not that important.
The face will provide us with almost everything that we need to know in this regard. Don’t get me wrong, we are fascinated by both understanding and helping our clients improve their body language, but not so much within the consulting process, and much more so when they’re under the pressure of sporting competitions. I would much rather receive video footage of my client’s body language whilst they are competing than ask them to sit further away from their WebCam so that I can see them from head to toe.
Psychological Safety
Some clients, especially new ones, may feel slightly more comfortable in a consulting room with the door closed. However, a highly skilled practitioner (we only allow such practioners to join our team) should be able to recommend various ways in which sports psychology sessions via WebCam can provide the same degree of psychological safety.
And of course, there are advantages to doing everything with a webcam.
Arguably, the biggest is the unbelievable convenience of this approach. Given the nature of our work, a significant portion involves consulting with elite athletes who spend considerable time “on the road”.
Imagine this scenario. One team member is working with two professional cricketers, each playing for a different IPL franchise. The sessions take place seamlessly from the comfort of these players’ hotel rooms. Neither athlete knows that the following day they will be competing against a fellow Condor Performance client. Further benefits include:
No travel required by either party
Use of screensharing and online whiteboards
Very easy to record sessions if required/requested.
One Advantage That Trumps Them All
In terms of the number of qualified sport/performance psychologists we have, I gather we are now “top 3” in the world. By Feb 2026, we will have a consulting team of fourteen. Although most of them are still based in Australia, we do not have a single geographical home or headquarters. With the addition of Alexandra Mapstone, based in Liverpool (Merseyside), we now have consultants across six different time zones.
We are now contacted by about eighty potential clients per month (if you want to be one of them, contact us now). And most of these performers have preferences. Some want to work with a psychologist of a specific gender; others prefer someone who ‘really knows their sport’. And then the biggest request of them all. When the sessions can and can’y take place.
Now imagine the above, and on top of this, they want Same Place Sessions in Brisbane (for example). We now have an excellent performance psychologist in Brisbane, but he’s unavailable at that time and may be the wrong gender.
So when the enquiry comes through, and there is a willingness (or even preference) for a Webcam-Based Sport Psychology sessions, it becomes far easier for our New Enquiries Officers to book them in with a sport or performance psychologist based on their preferences.
Let me give you an example:
If the potential client is based in Sydney (NSW, Australia) and wants sessions at 7 pm on a Thursday, their time, this will be difficult for most of our East Coast (of Australia) psychologists. But if the sessions are via webcam, it is 5 pm for Jack (starting in 2026) in Perth and mid-morning for Alexandra in the UK. Happy days.
Evidence Brief: The Efficacy of Online Sport Psychology Consulting
Historically, face-to-face interaction was considered the “gold standard” for psychological support. However, a growing body of academic literature indicates that online delivery (telehealth/videoconferencing) is not merely a substitute but a distinct modality that offers equivalent therapeutic outcomes and, in specific contexts regarding accessibility and consistency, superior benefits for athletes.
1. Equivalence in Outcomes and Skill Acquisition
Research confirms that delivering mental skills training (MST)—such as imagery, self-talk, and anxiety regulation—is highly effective in digital formats.
Effectiveness: Studies indicate that digital and remote interventions yield significant improvements in psychological skills and performance outcomes, comparable to traditional methods (Ong & Chua, 2021).
Continuity: General reviews of telemental health (TMH) consistently show that clinical outcomes across various settings are equivalent to in-person care (Hilty et al., 2013).
2. The “Therapeutic Alliance” Remains Intact
The primary predictor of successful consulting is the therapeutic alliance—the trust and bond between athlete and practitioner. Sceptics often fear this is lost through a screen, but evidence suggests otherwise.
Building Trust: Qualitative research on the lived experiences of athletes and practitioners shows that the “building blocks” of the alliance (trust, safety, and empathy) are consistently maintained in online settings (Williams, Lugo, & Firth, 2022).
Focus on the Work: The medium of communication is less critical than the practitioner’s ability to facilitate a person-centred environment.
3. Advantages: Accessibility, Flexibility, and Reduced Stigma
Online consulting addresses barriers unique to the sports environment, including travel schedules and the stigma associated with seeking help.
Stigma Reduction: Athletes, who often fear being perceived as “mentally weak,” may be more willing to engage in online counselling due to the privacy of accessing services from their own space rather than walking into a public clinic (Bird et al., 2018).
Crisis Management & Travel: Post-pandemic analysis of high-performance sport psychology shows that online consulting allows for immediate “crisis” access and continuity of care while athletes are travelling for competition—support that was previously impossible with a rigid face-to-face model (Oblinger-Peters et al., 2023).
Conclusion
The academic evidence supports the use of online sport psychology as a primary service delivery method. It maintains the same high standard of care for the therapeutic relationship and skill development while providing greater consistency for athletes with demanding schedules.
References
Bird, M. D., Chow, G. M., Meir, G., & Freeman, J. (2018). Student-athletes and non-athletes’ stigma and attitudes toward seeking online and face-to-face counselling. The Sport Psychologist, 32(3), 202–211. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2017-0063
Hilty, D. M., Ferrer, D. C., Parish, M. B., Johnston, B., Callahan, E. J., & Yellowlees, P. M. (2013). The effectiveness of telemental health: A 2013 review. Telemedicine and e-Health, 19(6), 444–454. https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2013.0075
Oblinger-Peters, V., Krenn, B., Moesch, K., & Håkansson, A. (2023). Lessons learned: Sport psychology practitioners’ experiences of working in performance sport during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Applied Sport and Exercise Psychology, 5(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1026/2941-7597/a000001
Ong, N. C., & Chua, J. H. (2021). Effects of an app-based mental skills training intervention on psychological skills and sports performance. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 19(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2020.1739110
Williams, J., Lugo, R. G., & Firth, A. M. (2022). Exploring the therapeutic alliance and race from sports psychologists’ and athletes’ lived experiences: A pilot study. Heliyon, 8(1), e08736. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08736
Some of the most common myths about sport psychology and mental toughness are debunked by leading Sport Psychologist Gareth J. Mole
Sport Psychology Myths may outnumber the facts, due in part to a lack of consensus and unity among the profession’s custodians until now.
Sport Psychology Myths – Where To Start?
I am sure all professionals feel like this to some degree. That their working world is full of myths and half-truths. But given the nature of the work we do and the relatively newness of our profession, I believe sport psychology is undoubtedly up there in terms of misconceptions. Below are some of our favourites – in no particular order. I use the word ‘favourite’ because of the combination of how often we encounter them and the potential benefits of debunking them.
Myth 1: Sport Psychology Is Like Counselling, Therapy
This is a classic half-truth, as it is literally half correct.
Some elements of the work we do are similar to those of counsellors, therapists, or clinical psychologists. For example, the confidential nature of the relationship, and we can help with mental health issues if required. But the other half of the process is much more likely to resemble a coach. For this part, we’re more likely to be talking about goals and how to achieve them.
Obviously, some performance psychologists will tend to be more like a therapist, whilst others will lean more towards the coaching approach. This is one of the most significant advantages our clients enjoy. With such a strong and varied team of psychologists, we can literally allow our clients to tell us what they’re looking for. And with very few exceptions, we can ensure their psychologists are the right kind. If you want to book a 20-minute chat with one of our New Enquiries Officers, you can do that directly here.
Myth 2: The ‘Natural Talent’ Myth
This is a humdinger of a myth. The notion that we are born to be potentially excellent at something, regardless of the amount of effort we put in. In my view, people confuse what they regard as “natural talent” with biological and genetic variation.
The classic example is when young athletes hit puberty, and some suddenly become taller and heavier than their peers. Although there is no doubt these growth spurts play a role in influencing the outcomes of sporting contests, they should not (yet often are) be regarded as natural talent, as there is nothing talented about your genetic makeup.
In fact, I try to get my sporting clients to stop using the word “talent” altogether. Quite simply, there are performance variables that are either controllable, influenceable or uninfluenceable. What you inherited from your parents falls into the last of these three categories. Simply put, you cannot influence your genetics, and therefore, they should occupy as little of your attention as possible.
⬇️ Do you disagree? Argue your case below in the comments section ⬇️!
Myth 3: The ‘Best Time to Start’ Myth
Mondays, or the 1st of the month or the old favourite January! Don’t get me wrong, in much of the work we do, we use time as reminders. For example, using Sunday night as a cue to plan the next seven days. However, these time point myths are often used as an excuse to delay effort.
We know this firsthand from the number of enquiries we get for our Sport Psychology services at different times of the year. We still get about the same number of enquiries in December compared with any other month. However, unlike other months, most people who decide to start working with one of our sport and performance psychologists delay it until January.
The best time to start improving your mindset is now, or as soon as possible.
Myth 4: The ‘Thoughts Can Be Controlled’ Myth
As current and past Condor Performance clients know, we often encourage our clients to consider the level of control or influence they have over different aspects of their performance.
Just over 15 years ago, when clients of ours added ‘thoughts’ to the controllable column, we didn’t challenge it. But recent research suggests that although we can influence our thoughts, we can never control (guarantee) them. This is not to suggest that traditional thought improvement strategies (such as reframing) are a waste of time. It suggests that thoughts (rather than actions) should not be relied on as an essential ingredient in your performance plans.
A classic example of this is the work we do around pre-performance routinesin start-stop sports. In the old days, we constructed short routines with both actions (put on my glove) and thoughts (“focus on just this shot”). But in recent times, we have removed the thought component, so our clients’ routines are now all action-based.
⬇️ Do you disagree? Argue your case below in the comments section ⬇️!
Myth 5: The ‘You Have To Feel A Certain Way To Perform Well’ Myth
Same as the above basically. In fact, as humans, we have even less influence over our emotions than we do over our thoughts. Consider extreme emotions like grief. Sure, there are several things that you might be able to do to lessen the experience of grief if you lost a loved one. But these kinds of interventions are only going to make a slight difference. Those that imply you can control your emotions (an unfortunate number) or suggest that you can actually make the grief go away entirely through your own volition.
Myth 7: That a ‘sport psychologist’ only works with athletes
Not true.
We have been operating long enough now and have tracked enough data to answer this categorically. Yes, the majority of our monthly clients are still athletes (70%).
But the rest are a multitude of performers, including politicians, dancers, students, and emergency workers. One of the most significant groups of non-athletes we work with is a sporting coach.
It is my hope and belief that as time passes, a greater percentage of our work will be with coaches. Helping mentally astute coaches become even better, they are working with someone genuinely qualified in this area. If you are a coach and interested in improving your mental coaching skills, this is the best place to start.
Myth 8: ‘Face-to-Face Sessions Are More Effective’
At Condor Performance, we were delivering sessions via video conference technology long before the coronavirus hit and made it normal.
Furthermore, we measure client satisfaction and can say with empirical confidence that there is no difference between “face-to-face” and “telehealth” sessions. In fact, according to our numbers, clients who have all sessions via video conference do slightly better on mental health and mental toughness outcomes.
Myth 9: The ‘Experience Is Everything’ Myth
This sport psychology myth is the easiest to believe or understand. But it’s still wrong. The issue with the concept of experience is that it assumes the superior number of hours was spent in the right way. It is also thought that the performer can learn from mistakes. As both of these assumptions are rare (in my experience), experience is, at best, overrated and often detrimental.
If you’d like to bust some more sport psychology myths, have a listen to the answers to our FAQs here. Do you know of any other common sport psychology myths that are not covered above? If you do, please add them to the comments section below, and we’ll then add them when we update this blog. If you disagree with any of these sport psychology myths, please present your argument in the comments below.
This article by sport psychologist Gareth J. Mole is about the beauty of having an unwavering commitment to the process (effort) regardless of the outcome (results).
We have the most influence over our process goals.
What Are Process Goals?
The best examples of real Mental Toughness happen well away from the spotlight. But we rarely hear about them.
At a recent social event, I was part of a conversation that contained one of the best examples of Mental Toughness I can remember in a long time. And I will use this anecdote to explain what might be the most essential ingredient for performance success ever discovered.
The father of a five-year-old boy told of his son’s sudden interest in fishing. So the father decided it would be a great idea to take the young lad on a fishing trip. This, despite neither of them knowing anything about the sport. After buying some basic equipment and getting some tips from the guy in the tackle shop, the plan was to head out the very next day to see what they could catch.
So the father and the son woke before dawn and headed out, all excited. All day, they fished, improving their casting technique and enjoying each other’s company as the hours ticked by. But no fish were caught that first day. So they decided to try again the following day. But once again, they didn’t pull a single fish from the water.
This Continued For 14 Days Straight …
Each day, they’d wake before the sun came up and try their best to catch fish. And at the end of every single one of these 14 days, they came home empty-handed. Well, empty-handed from a number of fish points of view.
When the father finished telling the story, the obvious question had to be asked.
How did you maintain your enthusiasm/motivation day after day despite catching no fish?
The father thought about this for a while.
After some careful reflection, he replied. His son seemed to be almost entirely satisfied with the actual process of fishing. In other words, sitting on a riverbank holding a fishing rod with his old man. He quite literally was not doing it to take home a whole lot of dead fish. Any potential outcomes to this magical process would be considered a bonus or just an occurrence. This young five-year-old boy, without anyone teaching him, had what we would call an Extreme Process Mindset.
A Lesson for Performers
There is an incredible lesson to be learnt here for those involved in sport and performance.
Although “results” are essential, if you’re not enjoying the actual process, then ultimately you’re not going to get very far. The reason for this is relatively simple.
Results are only somewhat influenceable.
Imagine the number of factors beyond your influence in trying to get a fish to bite a tiny hook. It is even possible that the fishing spot chosen by the youngster and his father contained no fish.
Results are only somewhat influenceable. Imagine the number of factors beyond your influence in trying to get a small white ball into a four-and-a-quarter-inch hole in the ground. If you are unable to get some level of pleasure from the process of attempting to get the little white ball into the hole, then you are in trouble.
If this sounds like you, get in touch, as helping athletes with these kinds of mental challenges is precisely what we do.
Examples of Process Goals
There is a subtle difference between a process and a process goal. A reasonable explanation of a process is just an action or a task. Brushing your teeth is a process. Doing some visualisation is a process. Planning your meals ahead of time is a process. Taking an ice bath is a process.
But none of these examples qualify as process goals. Having the intention of brushing your teeth twice a day for at least two minutes in the way the dentist showed you. Now that, my friends, is a process goal.
Process goals are slightly different. They essentially take these actions and tasks and ask, “How are you going to commit to them?“
Repetition is the essence of success. Stop expecting miracles from activities you only do once or twice.
Imagine a soccer goalkeeper. She has identified a desire to improve her ball distribution. She knows what processes are required. Practice hitting targets through both throwing and kicking the ball. A commitment to one weekly 60-minute ball-distribution session is scheduled in the goalkeeper’s calendar.
This is the process goal.
The goal is to spend 60 minutes improving this particular motor skill. If this session is forgotten or done poorly, then the goal is not achieved. If the goalkeeper manages 60 minutes of very high-quality practice in this area, then this process goal is achieved.
Even if her actual ball distribution does not improve, the process goal is still achieved!
Is she enjoying this practice session, or enduring it?
Be Careful of Outcomes
Let’s be honest: a highly motivated goalkeeper who spends an hour a week specifically working on their ball distribution is very likely to improve it. But as we learned from the young fishermen, this cannot be the main reason behind the exercise.
If this goalkeeper were one of my clients, I would try to ensure that the actual process was rewarding and fun. Rewards can come in many shapes and sizes. Maybe she loves the idea that she is working on something important. It might be that she is particularly fond of the person who is feeding the balls back to her. Or maybe she is just one of those people who would much rather be outside on a sunny day than sitting in front of a screen.
If an obsession with outcomes dominates your performance landscape, try putting processes and process goals first. Put the horse before the cart, so to speak. As the great Bill Walsh said, “Let the score take care of itself”.
This is a free sport psychology article designed to bring greater awareness about the vital role rest plays in performance. To support the continued publication of free content by our team of Sports Psychologists please share the article with your network.
No rest is putting you on a fast track to Burnout
Rest for Performance And Mental Health
Rest is one of the more interesting areas in sports psychology. There is actually very little agreement on what exactly we mean by ‘rest’ (a true working definition). And although there is growing scientific evidence that rest, as we define it, is a key ingredient for performance consistency, there’s still considerable debate about just how much and when.
There are a couple of essential points to clarify at the beginning of an article that focuses on the concept of rest. First, we have to acknowledge that rest is not the same as sleep. For it to count as rest, you need to be awake; otherwise, it’s a different thing! If you’re resting and fall asleep, you switch from one type of process to another.
Another crucial aspect for us to acknowledge is that rest is not always easy for many high-performing individuals. If you logically think about this, it makes complete sense.
Rest Is Hard For Many Elite Performers 😬
Individuals who excel in their particular sport or performance area often do so because (in part) they tend to be uncomfortable with stillness and downtime. They fill their waking hours with all sorts of things that can make them far better at their particular sport than the other 99% who partake in it.
I stopped counting the number of individuals I’ve assisted since I began working as a sports psychologist in 2005, but it must now run into the thousands. It is common for many of our sport psychology clients to struggle with finding a level of calmness and rest, due to the high ratio of “doing” and “improving” time.
If you’re reading this and you’re like that, then rest assured, you are in the majority. As is the case with many mental training techniques, we aim to harness the beneficial aspects of natural occurrences while minimising any negative aspects. This is an excellent example of trying to do that. Of course, we want our clients to be “busy little bees” when it comes to preparation, but what if this goes too far?
Burnout Central – That’s what
Like an electric car, humans are designed to go, rest, go, rest and not go, go, go and go some more.
The research suggests that the younger you are, the more likely you are to be able to get away with this to some degree, but it is far more important to schedule a certain amount of rest.
For those who are extremely time-poor, resting is a simultaneous activity to some form of active recovery. I don’t mind the idea of my client watching a Netflix show whilst at the same time doing some very gentle stretching exercises. Especially if this means that they do both rather than one, or even worse, neither 😬.
That brings us to the question of what exactly we mean by rest. If I were on a committee tasked with developing a universal working definition, I would opt for something like this.
Rest is the human state in which the individual is awake but not attempting to achieve anything.
This is a fundamental idea because if we focus too much on the concept of stillness, we would miss out on the possibility that, for example, a leisurely walk is often very restful for many individuals. However, as a qualified psychologist, it needs to be relaxing if it has no purpose, no objective, and no goal; therefore, it can simply be a period of respite between two quite contrasting sessions geared towards productivity.
It is tempting to list a whole range of activities that my clients have often suggested when I insisted that they include some form of rest in their weekly schedule. The issue with this and why I’m going to resist the temptation to list anything here: what one person finds genuinely restful, another person finds anything but.
Start with some Really Simple Mindfulness
For those who are genuinely uncomfortable with scheduling a certain amount of rest into their week, a reasonable place to start is by following a mindfulness audio guide. There are hundreds available online, but I’ve included below one that I created in 2023, which is free and does a pretty good job. It’s 11 minutes, and you can download your own copy, so you are not dependent on being connected to the Internet to listen to it over and over again 😇.
How Much Rest and When
To conclude, it is only fair for me to offer some insights into the amount of rest that is likely needed and how often it should occur. I liken this question to one about how much sleep is the right amount. Although I’m always tempted to answer this question with “as much as possible”, the fact is that we now know that for virtually every human, less than seven hours per night and more than nine hours per night is problematic.
Here are my tips on Rest as a Key Ingredient to Optimal Performance.
Try to have one, ideally two resting blocks per day.
Schedule these in, like other activities, otherwise they can vanish in the fervour of your productivity.
Be mindful of individual differences. Some people will find socialising restful, others may need to be alone.
As you approach a competition, the amount of rest (in terms of duration and frequency) you need increases.
Finally, if in doubt, too much rest is probably a better planning error than too little.
Commitment is arguably the most critical aspect of Sport Psychology and Performance-related Mental Toughness. This article is worth reading twice!
“Desire is the key to motivation, but it is determination and commitment to an unrelenting pursuit of your goal – a commitment to excellence – that will enable you to attain the success you seek.”
Mario Andretti
Commitment is the foundation of mental toughness
Commitment: The Foundation of Mental Toughness
As regular readers of our Mental Toughness Digest articles will know, we often talk about the challenge that comes with the interpretation of words. How important are words? Surely from a psychological flexibility point of view, it’s only the actions that matter, no?
Kind of. Yes, there is no doubt that “actions speak louder than words,” but certain words, especially when we view them more meaningfully, may help us.
One of the best examples in the English language is replacing the word ‘problem’ with ‘challenge’. A straightforward swap of just one word can help. About ten years ago, I was working with an international sporting team, and we were playing an away game in Indonesia. The team’s humans were all complaining that the heat and humidity would be a problem. I asked them all to see this as a challenge rather than a problem. I actually went so far as to ban the word ‘problem’ from the moment we set foot on Indonesian soil. It’s always hard to know just how much impact a psychological intervention actually has, but it certainly felt like it really helped.
Commitment vs Motivation vs Other Words
As a qualified sport psychologist with more than 20 years in the trenches, I have always been drawn to the word commitment more than motivation.
Why? There are a few reasons, actually. First, the word ‘commitment’ is embedded in the title of the framework most commonly used by our team of sports psychologists here at Condor Performance.
We lean heavily on Acceptance and Commitment Training in the group and individual consulting we do. It’s worth clarifying that ACT is the process and that Psychological Flexibility is the outcome:
Psychological flexibility is the goal and core concept of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). ACT is the therapeutic approach or set of principles and techniques used to develop psychological flexibility. In short, you can think of psychological flexibility as the capacity or skill, while ACT is the method for building that skill to live a more meaningful, values-based life, even with difficult experiences.
The other reason why I love the word commitment is that it feels like we can do something about it if it wanes. In contrast, motivation seems much more rigid. Variations in motivations seem more feelings and mood-related. But commitment and determination seem closely linked to actions.
Committed Performance and Sport Psychologists
Since founding Condor Performance in 2005, I have welcomed many psychologists to our team. I don’t keep a count, but I would estimate the number is close to 40 or 50 by now.
Yet only about a quarter of these ‘starters’ remain. What is it about our current team that separates them from the dozens that have come and gone? Apart from some prerequisites, such as outstanding knowledge across Sports and being qualified up to the eyeballs, it is their commitment that shines through. Their willingness to do sessions very early or very late. Their determination to improve their sporting knowledge of a sport that is not one of their historical strengths..
Due to the client-focused monthly optionsour clients choose from, which encourage shorter, more frequent sessions at times that suit them (not necessarily us), real commitment is tested from the get-go.
Nothing questions commitment in our line of work quite like sitting in traffic for an hour to deliver a 30-minute session, or getting up at 6 a.m. because of a time zone difference. The cracks tend to start appearing early for those who are not really committed to helping others improve.
Do You Want To Improve Your Commitment?
Although the current Condor performance team is almost at full capacity and we are in the process of bringing on board two or three more psychologists to be ready for the start of 2026, there is still some availability within the current team.
Therefore, if you would like to have a non-obligatory 20-minute phone or Google Meet conversation with one of our two New Enquiries Officers (Tara or Lizzie), then send us an email to info@condorperformance.com with details (names, sport, mental challenges 😜, location and phone number) about you or the person you are enquiring for. Typically, we respond within 24 hours.
Motivation is about more than a subcomponent of sport psychology and mental toughness. This article looks at delayed gratification and more.
“If you don’t eat this marshmallow, you’ll get two later on”
Too Many Theories
I have long held the view that an overabundance of theories plagues most areas of psychology. Don’t get me wrong, I know we need research to support our professional decision-making. However, in my view, there are too many subpar theories, models, and papers out there. Google Motivation and sport psychology theories, and you’ll see what I mean.
This then significantly increases the workload of applied sport and performance psychologists, such as the current Condor Performance team. We try to read as many peer-reviewed journals on sport psychology as possible. Unfortunately, we have to sort through the mountain to find the gems.
Oh, and there are some real gems.
One of these is the work done on delayed gratification via the Stanford Marshmallow Experiments. Starting in the 1960s, Walter Mischel conducted a series of studies that provided a significant clue about the motivational requirements of successful people.
One Marshmallow Now Or Two Later?
In these studies, children between the ages of four and eight were offered a choice. Each child, in turn, could pick between one small reward immediately or two later. One marshmallow now or two later, you decide? If the child chose to have two marshmallows later, then it would be on the condition that the single treat was still there when the experimenter returned. This was usually after about 15 minutes.
Remarkably, in the majority of the tests, about half the children devoured the one marshmallow almost immediately. The other half would exercise great willpower and wait for the experimenter to return.
In follow-up studies, the researchers found that children who were able to “delay their gratification” tended to have better life outcomes. For example, these high-powered youngsters went on to achieve better exam results. They were happier and more likely to have good relationships. They ended up with much better jobs than the kids with lower willpower.
Below is a 6-minute TED talk that provides a more detailed explanation of the concept and experiments.
Here is the video link to Joachim de Posada’s 2009 TED talk, which we frequently reference in the context of delayed gratification as a key mindset for peak performance. Enjoy.
Although I assume that Professor Mischel had little interest in the specific field of sport psychology, I can’t imagine another branch of psychology where the concept of delayed gratification is more relevant.
Delayed Gratification and Performance
Delayed gratification is really just “doing something difficult now in the hope that it will prove worth it later on”.
Of all the hundreds of theories on motivation in sport psychology, this is, in my opinion, the most useful. Quite simply put, one of the chief reasons why so few succeed is that they can’t link their short-term struggles with their long-term aspirations.
Most athletes and coaches try to find shortcuts. They throw in the towel when the rewards for their effort are not immediate and obvious. They gobble down the single marshmallow instead of waiting for two. Very few people naturally love getting up at 4 am to do laps under floodlights. But the champions and champions-in-the-making do it anyway.
In the defence of ‘most athletes’, it’s unlikely that anyone has taken the time to explain to them one of the most essential and overlooked ingredients to success: patience.
Doing the hard yards in the preseason so the rewards can come during the season.
What If The Kids Had Been Coached First?
What would have happened if all the Marshmallow experiment participants had been coached beforehand? Imagine a performance psychologist had been allowed to spend time helping the kids mentally prepare first. How about the impact if a sports psychologist shows pictures of other kids succeeding?
Imagine if all the subjects had been taught proper mindfulness techniques, thus allowing ‘urges’ just to be noticed.
However, elite sport, especially at the highest level, requires a bit more delayed gratification than 15 minutes. On many occasions, the significant “payoff” for effort might only be 10 or even 20 years down the track. That’s a long time to wait for that second marshmallow! Consider the young athletes who sacrifice time with friends and family during their teenage years, only to reap the rewards in their twenties and thirties.
Remember, the experiments centred around one marshmallow now or two later. The children were not left with a brussell sprout for 15 minutes. This is a super important point. There was nothing mean about leaving the kids alone in a room with one marshmallow. The only difficulty some of them experienced was the tussle between their own strength of mind and their own temptations.
Applied Sport Psychology
At Condor Performance, one way we help those we work with embrace delayed gratification is by encouraging them to track their progress.
Key Performance Indicators can “bridge the gap” between the daily and weekly grind and possible moments of glory. These monthly checks act a little like licking the marshmallow but not eating it. They help remind us about what we might get later on down the track. They remind us about why we’re doing what we’re doing, even if it’s uncomfortable. The proper monthly checks, in my opinion, are the most potent motivators available when you can’t actually use marshmallows.
Easier said than done? If you’d like to receive details about our one-on-one sport psychology services, you can get in touch with us in several ways.
Mental blocks are common in sports like gymnastics. Sport psychologist Gareth J. Mole explores what they are and how to overcome them.
Mental Blocks are more common than you might think …
Mental Blocks In Sport
In this article, we will explore the concept of mental blocks. Specifically, the kinds of mental blocks that we commonly encounter in a sport and performance context. Without a doubt, some sports are likely to produce more mental blocks than others. Which ones? Those that require manoeuvres such as gymnastics, surfing, and all equestrian sports, to name a few. For the rest of this article, I will use gymnastics as the primary example.
This is what the situation typically looks like when we discover the mental block. A young gymnast is preparing for a major upcoming competition. For the uneven bars, she is confident about the whole routine except for The Def (see below).
The Def (bars)
Description: The Def is a Gienger release move with an extra full twist. In simpler terms, the Def is a skill completed on the uneven bars where the gymnast releases the bar, completes a back salto layout with one and a half twists (540°) before catching the bar again.
In the mind of this hypothetical gymnast, The Def is a mental block. It’s a skill that is so challenging that she can barely imagine being able to do it in training, let alone in competition.
So, how do we know it’s a mental block as opposed to a different type of block? Is it enough to take this athlete’s word for it? Not really.
What are the other kinds of blocks?
The main ones are physical and technical blocks. A physical block occurs when the body prevents the skill from being executed at this time. This might be due to injury or the athlete’s physical size. Think about a junior basketballer who wants to dunk the ball. She knows how, but is just not tall enough (yet) to get anywhere near the ring.
A technical block, on the other hand, occurs when an athlete currently lacks the “muscle memory” to execute a specific skill. A great example of this is when, in golf, a few years back, they allowed long-handled putters. For the non-golfing readers, this is a putter (used on the green) that is much longer than normal ones. The technique required to use this new type of putter differs from that used for a standard, shorter putter.
Many players tried it, encountered technical issues, and then reverted to the old style.
Finally, We Have Mental Blocks
Or maybe we should call them genuine mental blocks. A genuine mental block occurs when the performer genuinely believes they will be unable to perform the skill. And it’s this belief, and nothing else, that is actually getting in the way of them doing it.
Therefore, there are no physical or technical reasons why they should be unable to perform this skill. One of the most compelling pointers that it’s a mental block is if the performer has already done the skill in the past.
Let’s go back to our example of the gymnast. If she has executed The Def before but can no longer do so, this suggests a mental block.
Some sport psychologists may want to investigate whether there is a reason for this. Was there a nasty fall once? Maybe she saw another gymnast try and fail? Perhaps someone has told her it’s impossible. Personally, I prefer to spend the majority of the mental conditioning time on helping them overcome the mental block.
And these suggestions, below, are likely to be the same regardless of the cause. And remember, there is not always a cause. This is mainly due to the limited time we have without our sporting clients. On average, via our monthly approach to consulting, we spend between 90 and 120 minutes “in session” with our clients per month. So, it’s not that we are uninterested in the causes of things (such as mental blocks); it’s that we don’t have time to really delve into them.
Baby Steps
Baby steps refer to simply breaking down the skill into smaller, more manageable parts. Of course, this is usually the domain of coaches, but not all coaches are mentally astute.
Competence (in actions) precedes confidence (a feeling) is the key here. Competence before confidence means that an athlete needs to be able to do something competently before they can feel confident. In other words, telling them “you can do it” is not very effective. Taking baby steps is a great way to overcome mental blocks. If done correctly, there is never a significant leap in difficulty.
For example, let us imagine that The Def is a 9/10 in terms of perceived difficulty. What does a 7 look like? And 5 or 3? Once these have been established, the gymnast can then return to the number at which they feel competent. Let’s say 4/10. With some patience, they can then work their way slowly up through the numbers. Do not, under any circumstances, jump from a 6 to 9 for example.
Separate Actions from Thoughts from Emotions
Another way to overcome mental blocks is by realising that actions, thoughts and emotions are not the same. By this, I mean separating actions, feelings, and thoughts into different types of stimuli. This can be done away from training to start with. Through processes like Really Simple Mindfulness, anyone can learn to observe their emotions and thoughts and therefore not let them stop specific actions from taking place.
As some of my clients are aware, I often demonstrate this during sessions. For example, I will ask them to tap their head whilst saying to themselves, “I am tapping my thigh”. Once the athlete understands that their actions are genuinely independent of their thoughts and emotions, they can utilise this knowledge in training. Using the current example, this means accepting that thoughts such as “I will never be able to do this” are fine. Feelings of panic are to be accepted, and they don’t have to stop you from taking the first step (literally).
And when you combine these two ideas, the result is often very effective.
Emotional Intelligence. Can we control our emotions? Sport psychologist Gareth J. Mole takes a deep dive into the topic of emotions.
Sport psychology and its big sister, performance psychology, are minefields when it comes to terminology. What I mean by this is that related terms are often and easily thrown around. Some of these words are more common than others. For example, ‘mental toughness’ and ’emotional intelligence’ are used and misused more frequently than ‘team unity’ and ‘flow’.
Those of you who are familiar with Condor Performance (the psychologists) will likely know that for a long time we have tried hard to define such terms. For example, we see mental toughness as an umbrella term that pertains to the mental side of sport/performance.
Emotions are, without a doubt, a part of this. Especially given how emotionally charged high-performance sport can be.
Some Recent Examples
Let me use an example to explain how confusing the associated wording can be.
Recently, on social media, I saw a screenshot of a presentation that contained the words “controlling their emotions under pressure”. It was a bullet point next to the phrase composure, one of “six keys to being resilient” (according to the slide).
I added this comment: “It is not possible to control emotions, only influence them. It is psychologically dangerous to imply you can”. I will not go into detail about the back and forth that took place after this initial comment, other than to say this. It would be handy if there were a census on how emotions work and what we mean by emotional intelligence.
With that, I will give my professional opinion and expand on my “it is not possible to control emotions” comment. As an applied sport psychologist, it’s not really my job to prove that the below is correct or scientifically robust. Having said that, at Condor Performance, we collect a vast amount of internal data as part of our mission to improve constantly. Some academics might argue that because our data is not converted into scientific articles and then submitted for peer review, it is meaningless. I will save my counterargument to that assertion for another time/blog.
Our Guide to Emotional Intelligence
First and foremost, we want to agree on what emotions are. They are feelings. Many of these feelings are enjoyable, like joy and excitement. Many are not that fun, such as fear, nerves and frustration. Then there is the feeling of not feeling anything at all – often called apathy. Some recent studies suggest there are 27 primary emotions that most humans experience. This “feels” about right. Especially if you remove the ones that sound like emotions but are actually thoughts (like worry, for example).
In browsing the list of these 27 emotions, I have picked eight as very common for athletes, coaches and other performers:
Anxiety
Calmness
Confusion
Envy
Excitement
Fear
Satisfaction
Triumph
With these in mind, we turn our attention to the question of what your relationship (as a person) is to these and other feelings. Is it useful to find the cause of your excitement (for example) so you can replicate it at will? Are strong feelings of anxiety and fear bad? Are they to be stopped like some emotional disease? Do we control our emotions, or do they control us, or neither of these?
This Is How I Explain It To My Clients
Emotions are just part of the human experience. Internal feelings are one of seven sources of information (stimuli) available to most of us most of the time. The others are sight, sound, smell, thoughts, touch and taste. All of these groups of stimuli vary in terms of their pleasantness. For example, drinking fresh and sour milk activates different taste buds, but both are taste sensations nonetheless. You can apply the same to all seven. We experience fear and excitement very differently, but both are emotions, nothing more, nothing less.
The first and most important part of being emotionally intelligent is just becoming better at noticing and experiencing different emotions. Yes, both the pleasant and the unpleasant ones. There are many ways to approach this, but a couple of rules can help ensure it’s effective.
😬 Don’t try to change the emotion directly.
Whether it be via mindfulness, meditation or moonwalking, your task is to “increase your awareness of your feelings with decreased judgment”. I often like to do this by going through all the senses so that there is no real difference between the internal two and the external five. This is one way to go about this:
Technology – Friend or Foe?
You can certainly use one of the myriad apps (too many now to list), but remember this. Mindfulness, like exercise, shouldn’t cost you anything. You do not need a gym membership to improve your cardio fitness. You don’t need to pay for the Premium version of an app to practice mindfulness. Even our “Really Simple Mindfulness” audio recording above is only really designed as ‘training wheels’ until you get the hang of it by yourself.
So becoming better at observing your emotions is the first part of emotional intelligence. But it’s not the only part.
The second part is about realising that although you can never control your emotions, you can sometimes influence them. And that choosing to do this might assist with what you’re trying to do (achieve, etc).
For example, you might decide that you would like to feel as calm as possible before competitions (exams, performances, etc). In your attempt to influence this (NOT CONTROL), you might design a pre-competition routine that is full of tasks you find relaxing. With practice (repetition), the likelihood of you feeling calm the hour before kick-off or tee-off will increase. But real emotional intelligence comes with knowing that there will never be a guarantee (synonym for control) that you will feel calm and relaxed.
Real Emotional Intelligence is Acceptance
And not even here are you trying to change your emotions directly. If you relaxation tasks are actions (preferable) then you’re really influencing your preferred pre game actions and hoping they make you feel calm. This is very different from trying to calm yourself down.
How do we deal with this? We’ve just noticed these unexpected feelings alongside all the other sights, sounds, and thoughts of the situation. Which, if you’ve been doing this on a daily or weekly basis (see above) as part of your training, will be child’s play.
For those of you who stumbled across this article in search of an applied definition of emotional intelligence, then copy and paste this.
“Emotional intelligence is the ability observe and label your own human emotions and to know when and how to influence them”.
Gareth J. Mole, Sport Psychologist @ Condor Performance
If You Need A Hand
You can now book a 20-minute Google Meet with one of our fantastic New Enquiries Officers using this link. Pick a date and time when you’re free and use the time to explain more about how we can assist you with the mental aspects of your performance. At the same time, Tara or Lizzie will give you a quick rundown of exactly who we are and how we go about our 1-on-1 sport psychology consulting. Want to get started right away? They also know which of our Sport and Performance Psychologists have availability to take on new clients and which are currently waitlisting those interested in working with them.
