'Sports Psychology' Is A Type Of 'Sports Science'

Mental Health Challenges for Athletes

Are athletes and coaches more or less likely to experience mental health issues compared with the general population?

Sport psychologist Gareth J. Mole addresses this and other related questions.

Mental Health And Mental Toughness Are Not The Same

All too often, sport psychology is misconstrued as therapy for athletes. If you watched the wildly popular Ted Lasso series, then you’d be forgiven for believing this. On the other hand, sometimes “mental coaches” overlook the human elements and focus entirely on the mental aspects of performance.

Both approaches are wrong, ineffective, and, at times, dangerous and unethical.

Competitive Athletes Have Three Layers

When it comes to the increasingly popular concept of performance psychology, it can be helpful to view the “performer” as having three layers. Each layer is better off by the strength of the layer or layers underneath.

The bottom layer is 100% related to the person, not the performer. We could refer to this as the COPING layer. If there are problems here, then these are genuine mental health concerns. Mental Illness lives here.

The severity of the mental illness is related to how they function as a person interacting with their society. If this person is an elite athlete, then, of course, it will impact their performance. However, it’s likely to hinder them in several other areas as well. By way of an example, let’s consider a competitive athlete who has clinical depression. This serious mental disorder may well decrease their motivation to train in their chosen sport. But if it’s a genuine Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), then their motivation will be down across most (all) areas of their life, not just their sporting commitments.

The most extreme cases result in the sufferer being institutionalised, for example, having to spend time in either a hospital or a mental health recovery facility.

The Middle Layer

The middle layer is all about mental well-being. Mental well-being and mental illness are not the same despite obviously being related to one another. Somebody can have poor mental well-being but still cope very well as a human.

For this reason, we would label these middle layers CONTENTMENT. Again, this layer remains entirely related to the person, not the performer. The scientifically suggested methods to improve contentment should focus on humanistic factors relevant to everyone, not just those in performance situations. For example, areas such as socialising, getting into nature and sleep hygiene strategies.

The Top Layer

The top layer is all about the mental aspects of performance. We could dedicate the following 20 blog articles to explaining precisely what this refers to, but as many of you know, at Condor Performance, we prefer to keep things simple.

This layer could be labelled as mental toughness. With a much better understanding of the humanistic aspects underlying it, it creates the freedom to be unapologetically focused on optimising performance through psychological means. Improving this layer helps drive CONSISTENCY.

Behind the scenes at Condor Performance, we are conducting our largest-ever research project to identify the exact subcomponents of mental toughness and the processes best suited to boost them. (Our current and future clients will be the first to benefit from these findings, so if you want to have a chat with Tara about working with one of our performance psychologists or sports psychologists, then book yourself directly into her calendar here.)

One of the many benefits of working with a qualified sports psychologist is that we can and do work across all three layers. Although in extreme situations (in the coping layer at the bottom), we may prefer to refer clients to other specialists, we are qualified to help them cope, be more content, and be more consistent (the byproduct of greater mental toughness at the top layer).

Mental Issues Common In Sport

Back to that bottom layer for a moment.

If you’re looking for some cold, hard facts about mental health issues common in sports, I have added a couple of articles at the bottom of this article. But this is how I see it. Athletes are human, too, so as humans, they are susceptible to all the usual psychological risks that the general population faces. However, the world in which they find themselves might increase the chances of facing specific mental issues.

One great example is stress. Eloquently described in the below TEDx video by volleyballer Victoria Garrick. High-performance circles are breeding grounds for stress. This is especially true for those involved in low or non-paying sports. The demands of training and competing, in addition to a job and/or studies, can be highly stressful.

A recent TED Talk about The Mental Health Challenges faced by Athletes.

Some excellent questions are being debated at the moment around all of this. One is, ‘Surely everyone would want to be mentally tougher, not just performers?’ Not really. First, building genuine mental toughness is very hard. So, although everyone can attempt it, it’s probably not worth it if you’re not likely to encounter ‘extreme mental challenges’.

An Analogy

Think of it as being similar to physical health and physical strength. Everyone could try and work towards being able to lift 150 kgs, but how useful is it for most of us? Where is the ‘return on investment’? Maybe using the equivalent training time to practice mindfulness would be more sensible. However, if you are a weightlifter, rugby player, bodyguard, or defensive tackle, for example, then developing the muscle strength to be able to bench press that amount of weight has a payoff in your performance areas.

Suppose you’re a librarian, on the other hand, not so much—no disrespect to librarians intended. I am sure many librarians are elite performers in their field. However, upper body strength is not that beneficial in pursuing librarian excellence.

Developing Mental Toughness works the same. Although everybody would probably be happy to process extraordinary levels of focus (for example), is it worth investing the time required to get there if you’re never really going to need it?

What Does The Data Tell Us?

Are athletes and coaches more or less likely to experience mental issues compared with the general population? Luckily, work has been done to answer this question. As mentioned in this excellent article by Joshua Sebbens, Peter Hassmén, Dimity Crisp and Kate Wensley, “A study of elite athletes in Australia reported almost half were experiencing symptoms of a mental health problem, and the proportion meeting caseness cutoffs for mental illness were deemed comparable to community data (Gulliver et al., 2015). More broadly, Rice et al. (2016) conducted a systematic narrative review and also suggested the prevalence of mental illness in elite athletes was comparable to the general population.

It’s Not Just About Problems

The Positive Psychology movement exists because many psychologists sought to do more than just address mental health issues. Traditional psychotherapy tends to get people back to ‘just functioning enough, ’ and that’s it. It’s like leaving someone mid-way through their journey.

Sport psychology and her focus on mental toughness were, in many ways, the original positive psychologies.

Additional Reading Related To Mental Health Challenges for Athletes

MENTAL HEALTH CHALLENGES IN ELITE SPORT: BALANCING RISK WITH REWARD Download

Mental Health in Sport (MHS): Improving the Early Intervention Knowledge and Confidence of Elite Sport Staff Download

White Line Fever

Have you heard of White Line Fever? More importantly is it mentally useful and if it is, what is the best way to develop it? In this 2025 article sport psychologist Gareth J. Mole attempts to answer these questions and more.

What Exactly Is White Line Fever?

What exactly is white line fever? It may be a common sporting term in Australia, but it requires a brief explanation beyond our shores. White line fever is a concept whereby an athlete either intentionally or inadvertently switches on when stepping over the white line.

If there is no white line (e.g., in ice hockey), then it’s the closest equivalent. Overall, the term suggests that it is advantageous for the athlete. In other words, they can click into a highly competitive process-oriented mindset regardless of what is happening outside that white line.

There are hundreds of historical examples of white line fever, but the one that always comes to my mind is Shane Warne during his tumultuous years (1994, 1998 and 2004). As you can see from the below expert from this 2005 Independent article, Warnie used it to his advantage when many others would have crumbled:

“And yet his success on the field is merely the counterpoint to his excess off it. Some sportsmen talk of white-line fever, the phenomenon by which even the most placid character is overcome by a desire to hurt his opponents as soon as he enters the field of play. For Warne, the fever coincides with a sense of release from the turmoil of his private life. On the field, he is Shane Warne, all-time legend. Off it, he is a warts-and-all human being just like everyone else. Little wonder the refuge of the cricket pitch allows him to perform so well even when everything else seems to be falling to pieces.“

Why Fever?

Although it has nothing to do with sports, the original term, White Line Fever, comes from a 1970s movie about an angry truck driver. Don’t believe me, watch the trailer below:

After that, some sports journalists probably started using it, and it stuck!

I’m Not Sure Of The Fever Part

Many sports here in Australia have a white painted line marking the playing area. For athletes who typically love clarity, this is quite a nice trigger, as there can only be one precise moment when they are inside the white lines.

Without too much creativity, it could easily be expanded to virtually all other sports. For golfers, it would be the golf course, for combat sport competitors, it would be the ring, etc.

The fever part is more curious. The origin probably comes from its original use, a clue given by the above expert from The Independent.

For more physically confrontational sports like rugby league, rugby union, ice hockey, and AFL, the word fever was likely used to describe those with a healthy dose of overcompetitiveness. But for most other sports, you’ll agree that the word fever probably takes this concept to the dark side.

If we were creating the term from scratch, we might call it white line focus instead.

White Line Focus

Whatever the label, the mental skills on the table remain similar and potentially very beneficial. As academics become more aware of the benefits of athletes being equally focused on well-being as they are on performance, we risk losing some of those highly sport-specific mental skills.

From a sports psychology point of view, we are talking about pre-performance routines.

Excellent pre-performance routines—like the ones we typically help our clients with—should have a small element of flexibility built into them, including, for example, the time before and maybe just after stepping over the line.

In other words, although it is a great idea to develop highly repeatable actions for when the action in the middle begins, there is no point in having such a routine if it all goes out the window when you step onto the big stage.

Nothing Works For Everybody

With this in mind, I recommend that the performers I work with absorb some white line fever (focus) concepts into their pre-performance routines. One of sports psychology’s most exciting and challenging aspects is that nothing works for everybody. In other words, we must always exercise caution when dispensing general advice. For this reason, even when working across the entire sporting team, we typically recommend doing so individually, where budget permits.

These one-on-one conversations try to find one or two concepts to help the athletes focus. Emotions can be very handy, so thinking about making your family proud might be ideal. But you might be naturally emotional in competitive situations, so you’d benefit more from internal verbal reminders about the things you influence most.

Whatever you do, remember these two facts. First, you can’t 100% guarantee any thought or feeling, so consider this mental skill a bonus rather than a requirement for your performance consistency.

Second, it is often easier to be guided by those specifically qualified in this area, like us. Contact us if you need help.

Sleep and Performance

Have you spoken to your sport psychologist about sleep?

Sleep and Performance 101

Do you know what LeBron James and Roger Federer share in common? Aside from being two of the greatest athletes of their generation in their respective sports, they both prioritise sleep as a critical component of their training plan. Roger reportedly sleeps for 10-12 hours a night, while LeBron is said to sleep for 8-10 hours plus take naps.

Now while we wouldn’t know that their athletic success is due to their sleep habits, likely, their ability to perform at a high level for a long time consistently (both had had professional sporting careers spanning 20+ years) has been supported by the importance they have placed on getting plenty of good quality sleep. While training, nutrition, and recovery techniques get plenty of attention in athletic circles, quality sleep remains a secret weapon in optimising performance, preventing injury, and accelerating recovery. And as demonstrated by LeBron James and Roger Federer, their commitment to sleep might be the performance advantage that helps you elevate your game.

Why Sleep Matters for Athletes

Physical Recovery Happens During Sleep

During deep sleep, the body goes into repair mode. Growth hormone is released, muscle tissue is rebuilt, and energy stores are replenished. This process is cut short without adequate rest, leaving athletes more vulnerable to fatigue and injury.

Cognitive Performance and Reaction Time

Sport isn’t just physical—it’s mental. Sleep deprivation has been shown to slow reaction time, impair decision-making, and reduce focus. For high-speed or strategic sports athletes, this can mean the difference between winning and losing.

Injury Prevention

Research has found that athletes who sleep fewer than 8 hours per night are at significantly higher risk of injury. Poor sleep affects coordination, increases stress hormone levels, and disrupts motor function.

Mood and Motivation

Lack of sleep can contribute to irritability, anxiety, and decreased motivation, which can impact training consistency and competitive edge. It can also diminish our mental well-being, affecting athletes inside and outside of sport.

How Much Sleep Do Athletes Need?

Most adults need 7-9 hours of sleep per night, yet many struggle to consistently attain this recommendation. The modern world we live in, particularly environmental and lifestyle factors such as bright artificial lighting, smartphones, overheating our houses, noise pollution, and streaming services designed to keep us watching “just one more episode” before bed, all conspire against us when it comes to getting adequate sleep. Further, even when people can get 7+ hours of sleep per night, the quality of sleep is often poor, leaving us tired, groggy, irritable, and unmotivated the next day. Sleep disturbance is a big issue for everyone, and athletes, it can be detrimental to performance.

Athletes may need even more sleep than non-athletes, with 9-10 hours per night beneficial for recovery and performance, especially during intense training periods. Yet research consistently demonstrates that athletes often struggle to get 7 hours of sleep per night. In addition to the lifestyle and environmental factors mentioned previously that can affect sleep for adults, athletes face additional challenges that may impact their capacity for sleep. Late-night training sessions or competitions, early morning training sessions, travel, and performance pressure can also compromise an athlete’s sleep. Further, athletes often struggle to get sufficient sleep at night before a competition due to anxiety about the upcoming performance. Fortunately, with some committed action and practical strategies, sleeping habits can be improved, and you too can prioritise your sleep just like Roger Federer and LeBron James.

Tips for Better Sleep and Recovery

Consistency is key: Sleep loves consistency, so try to sleep and wake up simultaneously every day, even on rest days. A consistent sleep schedule helps our body’s internal biological clock remain regulated, improving our sleep quality.
Create a sleep-friendly environment: Our brains evolved from our prehistoric caveman ancestors, so we must create our sleeping environments accordingly. Cool, dark, and quiet rooms promote better sleep. It also pays to have a clean bedroom, as clutter can create stress, which can inhibit our capacity for optimal sleep.
Use your bed only for sleep: Our brains love association. And one of the best associations we can develop for ourselves is between bed and sleep. To help optimise sleep, we want to spend as much time as possible while sleeping in bed. This means that we don’t want to use our beds as a place to scroll on our phones, watch TV/movies, study, or work.

More Tips …

Wind down properly: Just like you complete a cool down after a training session as part of your recovery, a pre-sleep routine can help you wind down and signal to your body that it’s time to rest. A hot shower or bath, soft lighting, journaling, reading, gentle stretching, deep breathing, and relaxation exercises can all be practical activities to help us relax and promote rest. Mindfulness exercises and/or meditation can also be helpful.
Don’t try too hard: As athletes, you push yourself, work hard, and exert maximum effort. It’s what we do to get the best out of ourselves and achieve our performance goals. However, when it comes to sleep, trying too hard makes things worse, not better. We can’t force sleep. So, relax in bed and let sleep come to you.
It’s okay if you don’t sleep well the night before a competition. We get nervous about things that we care about, so it is normal to feel some anxiety prior to a competition or performance. As important as sleep is for optimal performance, humans are more resilient than we think. In the short term, performance does not suffer if you don’t get adequate sleep. Remember, one night of bad sleep won’t undo years of training and preparation.

Final Thoughts

Sleep isn’t a luxury—it’s a performance tool and critically important for human functioning, physical performance, cognitive performance, mental well-being, and recovery. Whether you’re training for a marathon, trying to hit a new PR, or just want to feel more energised during your workouts, making sleep a priority can elevate your performance in ways no supplement or gadget ever could.

So, do your body and game a favour tonight and prioritise sleep. And if you need a helping hand, get in touch today.

Sport Psychology Tips

Some Free Sport Psychology Tips to help you perform better complied by the whole team of sport and performance psychologists here at Condor Performance. Enjoy, share and comment (at the bottom).

A Quick A to Z Guide To Sport Psychology

26 Free Sport Psychology Ideas

Although sport psychology can be a complex and quickly evolving field, it can still allow for some “quick wins”. With this in mind, please enjoy these Sport Psychology Tips and don’t forget to add your comments below!

A is for Attitude

It may be surprising, but as sports and performance psychologists, we don’t often refer to attitude. Attitude is just one of many types of human cognition. When a coach refers to an athlete as having ‘the right attitude,’ he or she is probably suggesting that this athlete’s values and beliefs are in line with their own.

For example, both might regard sporting results as important, but not as important as hard work and effort. The most interesting aspect of attitude is that it is often assessed via observations (e.g., a coach watching an athlete in training). Due to this, it is probably body language that is actually being appraised. Attitude, if we take the term literally, is not directly observable as it occurs inside the mind.

B is for Body Language

Body language is a fascinating area of performance psychology. Research suggests that it dominates how we communicate compared to the words we use. In sporting contexts, this makes even more sense, as it is quite normal for there to be little or no verbal communication. With maybe the exception of the captains or leaders of sporting teams, most athletes of most sports don’t say very much during both training and competition.

For this majority, communicating with teammates or opponents involves the body. By the body, we mean the entire body, from facial expressions to posture to hand gestures and everything in between. How do you improve body language? I suggest starting out by filming yourself in a variety of situations and then watching it back with the sound off.

C is for Consistency

Sometimes, we refer to consistency as ‘the holy grail’ of competitive sport. As our colleague Chris Pomfret explains in this extensive blog, improved consistency is really just the consequence of taking the mental side of your sport seriously.

D is for Determination

Determination is very similar to the mental concept of motivation, without being a synonym. Motivation is more about enthusiasm, enjoyment, desire and dreams. Determination might be a good word to refer to the actions we continue with when the enthusiasm for our sport is not there. One of the most common examples is when the scoreboard is not in your favour (no way to win with time remaining). Yet, despite this, you decide to preserve anyway. This is an excellent example of sporting determination.

E is for Enjoyment

The enjoyment we’re referring to in this instance is the kind that most kids tend to have towards their sport before it becomes ‘serious’—the fun of chasing the ball more than getting to it first. The issue is that this enjoyment tends to dissipate once the stakes increase. Many sporting coaches become far too intense during competitions due to a lack of sport psychology training during their accreditation. This is one of the many reasons we have always wanted to work 1-on-1 with sporting coaches.

F is for Focus

Learning to improve focus is one of the easier mental skills. It boils down to knowing when and how to switch on and practising this like any other skill. There are many great examples of how to do this, but short performance routines are often the best mental skill.

There is no getting away from the fact that training the mind is always going to be a trickier mountain to climb due to the investable nature of what we’re targeting for improvement, such as focus.

G is for Grit

Grit has gained considerable momentum recently, mainly due to Angela Duckworth’s work (see YouTube video below):

H is for Hard Work

There is simply no substitute for hard work.

I is for Influence

Knowing the amount of influence you have on some of the more common aspects of your sport (or performance areas) is mighty useful. A great little exercise you can do is to start a simple three-column table. The heading of the first column is ‘Lots of Influence’, for the second write “Some Influence”, and for the final one label it “Little Influence”.

Now, start filling in the table with whatever comes to mind. For example, you might be spending a lot of time thinking about an upcoming competition, combined with memories of how you did at the same venue last year. So, you might decide to put the Future in the middle column and the past in the right-hand column, for instance.

J is for Junior Sport

If I were in charge of sports in a particular state or country, I would flip funding so that the vast majority of resources went into the junior or developmental side of sports. In other words, the best coaches, equipment, and facilities normally only accessible to the top 0.1% of athletes would be diverted to athletes under the age of 16.

For example, those regarded as the best coaches, like Wayne Bennett in rugby league, would be invited to coach junior players instead. I would ensure that whatever position was created for this had the same or greater salary as top-flight professional coaches.

K is for Keeping Going

Maybe the most powerful cue words in sport. Your mind will virtually always quit on you before your body does. Tell it to Keep Going and see what happens.

L is for Learning

There is a reason why some of the best sporting coaches of all time – for example, Jake White – are former teachers. They treat the performance enhancement process as one long learning experience for themselves and their players. The most appealing aspect of this angle is that poor performances are used as learning opportunities. Errors, for example, are considered invaluable elements of feedback – data that can be used to inform better choices moving forward.

M is for Monitoring

You’re missing out if you are not monitoring at least one aspect of your endeavours. At Condor Performance, we encourage our sporting and non-sporting clients to record one or more “monthly checks”. As detailed in this recent blog post, these monthly checks are like our key performance indicators. As long as you know the correct number of monthly checks to monitor (not too many) and your influence on each of these results (not as much as you think), self-monitoring has zero downsides and plenty of upsides.

N is for Numbers

Whether you like it or not, competitive sport – especially at the elite level – is full of numbers. Certain sports, like cricket and baseball, are so mathematical that the coaches of these sports would be forgiven for thinking of themselves more like statisticians from time to time. This is one of the reasons we encourage our monthly clients to monitor their progress – to allow them to function and even thrive in a results-oriented world. The other reasons for monitoring have already been mentioned above in the M.

O is for Objectivity

Both the M and the N above help with objectivity, but alone, might not be enough. Objectively is roughly the opposite of subjectively, with the latter being heavy on opinions, and the former much more based on facts. For example, it’s standard for athletes and coaches to assess past performances based primarily (or only) on memory or, even worse, on the final result. This is highly subjective, and a bit like any human pursuit, we’d want to be careful about how much of our analysis is subjective. Objective analysis – for example, the number of missed tackles – will be more valuable as the numbers don’t lie.

This is not true – numbers can lie, but opinions are less likely to do so.

P is for Pressure

‘Pressure’ is one of the most fascinating aspects of sport psychology. For a start, it’s 100% internal – a feeling with very real physiological sensations – a little bit like hunger. Because it’s going on inside, it’s less tangible and therefore harder to manage. First, it’s imperative not to consider pressure as good or bad. Let me use hunger to explain. For most of us, hunger is simply a signal to go and eat something. Once we do, the hunger goes away. The food that alleviates pressure is practice. That’s right, high-quality practice is like a pile of organic veggies.

Of course, there is also a benefit to learning to deal with hunger/pressure if no food or practice is available. By far, the best way to do this—in my opinion—is to work with a qualified sport/performance psychologist like one of our team members.

Q is for Quantity and Quality

This is how we break down practice or effort. Quantity is ‘how much’ and wants to be the right amount. Quality is’ how good’ and wants to be as high as possible. We often find it useful to multiply these together. For example, if the highest score for each is 10, then combined, the highest score is 100.

What number did your last training session get?

R is for Routines

See my recent blog post for a full breakdown of routines, which are crucial mental skills for many start-stop sports.

S is for Stigma

There are still many people out there whose beliefs about what sports psychologists or performance psychologists do get in the way of us being able to help them. The stigma comes from the word ‘psychologist’, which too many people still associate with having some mental problem. The general premise that working with a psychologist is a sign of weakness must be broken. A band-aid solution is to refer to ourselves as a coach, performance coaches, or mental skills trainers instead. The issue with this is that it doesn’t help to remove the stigma. Also, it seems a pity not to be able to use the title of psychologist, which took us seven or so years to earn.

T is for Time Management

Being able to manage your own time, your needs, and your wants is one of the most underrated of all mental skills. I work with a LOT of young elite athletes (teenagers on track to be the world’s best in their chosen sport); on the whole, they come to me with poor or non-existent time management skills. Sometimes, a simple suggestion like buying a $5 diary to start recording upcoming commitments can do wonders in terms of accountability, planning, knowing when to say ‘no’ or ‘yes’ to invitations and moving their mindset more towards effort and further from results. For more on Time Management, see this separate post.

U is for Unity

Whole article on this one here! Oh, and another one!

V is for Values, and W is for Why

Our values and beliefs guide our thoughts, so if you’d like to update your daily thought processes, then it can be a good idea to think about your values. By values, we mean what you consider to be valuable or important. A nice little exercise to get the ball rolling is listing everything you consider essential in your life and why. For example, you might write ‘8 hours of sleep a night’ and follow that with ‘because it helps me get the most out of various training sessions the following day’—the ‘why’ part is crucial, linking our endeavours to our internal motivation.

X is for eXcellence

Are you striving for excellence? Do you want to become excellent at what you do? How would you define and measure excellence? Is your training excellence? Do you know how to increase your chances of becoming the best possible athlete or coach you can be? For most athletes and performers, especially at the pointy end, this requires some help from the experts. Click here to book a 15-minute Webcam meeting with one of our New Enquiries Officers.

Y is for Yourself

One of the best ways of helping others is to look after yourself first.

Z is for Zest

Zest is one of the traits we look for when we interview psychologists looking to join our team of sports and performance psychologists. Do they have a passion for sports and helping athletes and coaches become better versions of themselves? If not, getting up at 5 a.m. to deliver a Zoom session to a monthly client from another country might just prove to be too hard. Info for psychologists wanting to join our team can be found here.

Decision-Making In Sport

Sport psychologist Gareth J. Mole looks at the often overlooked role that decision making plays in the outcome of sporting contests.

Below are three of the best YouTube (so free) videos related to decision-making in sport. Below them, I have added my two cents’ worth.

Decision Making in Youth Sport – Mike Ashford

Dr Michael Ashford – Decision-Making Processes in Team Sports

John Brenkus: ESPN’s Sport Science and the Study of Decision-Making

Links Between The Mental And The Tactical

There is debate about the pros and cons of separating competitive sports’ mental and tactical sides.

Our argument is that if you focus on each part as a separate entity, any “crossover” benefit that rubs off onto another area is a bonus to your improvement. Lumping them all together can result in incorrectly assuming you’re doing more than you are. Decision-making in sport is an excellent example of this. In my experience ‘in the trenches’ as a sport psychologist for the last 20 years, decision-making is rarely targeted by itself.

Tactical Wisdom

Recently, several of our one-on-one clients have been asking us for more input into their Tactical Wisdom. TW is very tricky as, in theory, it’s entirely mental, yet coaching these ” in-the-moment” decisions is, and always wants to be, the domain of sporting coaches more than sport psychologists. This is one of the many reasons it makes so much sense for us to work more directly with coaches.

I’m going to use two examples from different sports here to emphasise my point.

First, the decision faced by a golfer about whether to “lay up” short of a creek located just before the green or “go for it” by attempting to hit the ball directly over the creek onto the green. Second, the decision by a striker in football (soccer) when near the penalty area to “have a shot” or pass the ball to a teammate.

Risk Versus Reward

Both of these scenarios have a “risk and reward” element. None of the four options mentioned is terrible, and therefore, the aim is to train your mind to “make the best decision according to the specifics of the competitive situation”. Most decision-making errors occur when the moment’s emotion trumps the competition situation. Here’s a clue about not letting that happen (and yes, it requires a bit of hard work).

First, you’re much more likely to make an unemotional decision if a scenario has been “mapped out” already. The more often it’s been mentally rehearsed beforehand, the better. This is best done by what we call the “If Blank Then Blank” exercise. Let’s go back to our two examples above.

Recently, my colleague Madalyn Incognito here at Condor Performance wrote an entire article on risk and reward. To read more on this topic, click here.

Although there might seem like an overwhelming number of scenarios, there are probably only half a dozen if you think about it. For example:

“If stroke play, then lay up”.

“If match play, then go for green”.

But maybe that’s too simple, so these might be better:

“If stroke play and a par 5, then lay up”.

“If it’s stroke play and windy, then lay up”.

“If stroke play and leading, then lay up”.

“If stroke play and less than 3 shots within the lead, then lay up”.

“If any other situation, then go for the green”.

And for the other example, the footballer:

“If the ball is on/near my right foot with no defender near, then shoot”.

“If any other scenario, then pass”

“If Blank Then Blank”

Human brains are remarkable at learning these “If Blank Then Blank” right from when we’re newborns. Think about it; “If hungry, then cry”. And it carries on all the way to adulthood. “If red or amber light, then slow down and stop”. Certain commentators have and continue to object that this exercise appears to bring “thinking” into what they want to be instinctive actions.

Our answer to this is simple. There’s no escaping that certain moments in certain sports require a lot of decision-making. The “If Blank Then Blank” exercise decreases the chances of a brain explosion while under pressure. In our experience, the greatest benefit of this is the reduction of one of performance excellence’s biggest threats – indecision.

I’m not sure if I’m taking the word too literally, but indecision means delaying a decision due to being “in the decision.” Basically, the decision-making process (risk versus reward) is taking longer as it’s new.

In fact, indecision is so damaging to performance it would be fair to say that you’re better off making the wrong decision quickly and with confidence rather than the right one slowly and full of self-doubt.
Gareth J. Mole (sport psychologist)

If you’d like help improving the decision-making aspects of your sport pr performance areas, fill in this form. We typically reply in less than 24 hours.

Sport/Performance Psychologist vs Other

With an exponential increase in the awareness about the importance of the mental side of performance it is harder than ever before to work out who to go to for advice. This 2025 article by Sport Psychologist James Kneller provides some, but not all, of the answers.

Who is the best person for me to work with to improve the mental side of my performance?

Like the proverbial “How long is a piece of string?” (exactly double the length of its half), this question doesn’t have a universal, clear, and agreed-upon answer.

Listen to any post-match press conference. You will universally hear about mental preparation, focus, motivation, attitude, dealing with pressure, resilience, and many other things related to mental preparation and the processes involved and required for elite performance in the most demanding competitive environments.

So, if we accept the premise that the mental side of performance is essential and that improving it leads to more consistent and better overall performance, the question then turns to how to do this and who can help us.

Disclaimers And Recognitions

As a fully registered and endorsed sport psychologist with Condor Performance in Australia, I’ll be biased towards sport and performance psychologists over others. I’ve tried hard to be fair to all groups/professions mentioned here.

My mum loves reading Choice product reviews, so in honour of her, I’ve tried to use a similar approach for each group involved, with pros and cons for each.

There is always a range of abilities in every group. There are people in each group who are outstanding at what they do and offer; equally, there are those who are not. The descriptions here are general, with no references to specific individuals.

Many of the observations come from my experiences meeting, working with, and seeing clients, athletes, coaches, parents, etc., who have worked with people from various groups.

While in this article I’ll speak about athletes, this also applies to coaches, teams, performers, or anyone in a high-performance/pressure position, such as CEOS, corporate board members, surgeons, traders, armed forces or anyone else who sees themselves as or wishes to become a high performer.

Who Is Out There?

The number of people and organisations eager to work with athletes is mind-blowing. For easy comparison, I’ve grouped these individuals into these general groups:

Parents and coaches
Ex-players
Mentors
Mind coaches
Psychologists with no specialisation in sport and performance
Sport and Performance psychologists (such as those at Condor Performance) who have undergone specific additional training and higher learning focused solely on sport and performance work.

Parents and Coaches

Parents are the first and foremost influence on athletes developing their skills. The hope is that they are the greatest supporter they’ll ever have, but at the same time, this support can lead to blind spots and/or avoidance of truths that need to be told or addressed. Often, they have few skills in the sport, little training in instruction, communication skills, mental support, and good intentions, which can lead to issues later for the athlete.

There is also the danger of those horror parents for athletes that many of us can name.

Coaches range from the weekend parent who helps out on their kid’s side to local representative coaches with minimum accreditation levels, up to the highest-level coaches of the stars. They typically have excellent knowledge of the sport and a passion for their athletes.

Pros

High level of contact and passion for the athlete, good skills around the sport, and time available to understand the person.
Depending on the level, can have brilliant support teams and systems around them and their athlete/s.
Improving an athlete’s technical skills will often improve their mental skills. Think about the concept of Competence Before Confidence.

Cons

Significant variation in the levels of skills in and understanding of the mental side of performance
Variable communication and interpersonal skills
Highly vested interests in performance can impair judgment and decision-making, leading to decisions that are in the best interest of the coach or parent rather than the athlete.

Personal Comment

Every athlete needs at least one of these involved, and at the elite level, many athletes will laud the coach’s skills as a mentor, teacher, and communicator. In short, the best coaches have the best people management skills and mental awareness. Interestingly, these same coaches also strongly tend to have sports and performance psychologists on their team, or they refer to themselves. Don’t take my word for it, take it from the current champions of English Football:

Ex-players, Mentors, Mind coaches

Ex-players are obvious. Mentors may be high-profile sportspeople from other sports or high-profile people from different areas, such as business, politics, or the armed services, who are now assisting athletes in dealing with the pressure of performance. Mind coaches can have many different names or titles, as there’s no universal term and no restriction to applying any description of themselves, except for the legally protected term of psychologist or sport psychologist.

Pros

Ex-players and mentors bring lived experience of situations like those the athlete may face.
Often, they have a narrow focus on which sports and areas they will or can work with, leading to a minimal number of athletes, so there is potential for greater one-on-one time with the athlete.
There is often an obvious credibility with someone we know who has been there and done it themselves.

Cons

With no regulatory body or board, they are not accountable to anyone for their actions and have no ethical framework to which they are held. They often have no or little direct, accredited psychological training.
This group is not regulated like psychologists. There is no insurance requirement, restriction on advertisement, restriction on testimonials, restriction on making guarantees to clients, an ethical framework they must adhere to, and no underlying explicit expectation to put the client’s needs first and do no harm.
If they have pictures with athletes, or testimonials or endorsements from them on their website, or make grandiose promises like “results in one session”, then you can be confident they are not a psychologist.

Personal Comment

I’ve met, worked with, and listened to many operators from this group who are skilled, knowledgeable, and excellent for their clients. Often, they will talk about their own experiences and highlight their work and what they’ve learned from their work with sports psychologists in their careers. They are now using that knowledge to help others. I have happily worked alongside these previously and still do currently, using a team approach to achieve the best results for the athlete.

In my opinion, the good ones know where their level of knowledge and competence ends and defer to psychologists or other specialists when the client needs more than they can provide.

Those in this group that I would not work with as an athlete tend to follow a couple of similar, consistent actions:

They tend to have one framework for how things should be dealt with, either through having only one method or system or using a “this is what I did when I…” approach. Then, if the athlete cannot fit within this framework, they often blame the athlete for being unable, unwilling, or not wanting it enough to succeed.
They tend only to want to take on clients who are already well on the path to elite and seem to bask in the reflective glory of “their” athlete.
They tend to ignore, avoid, or even shame individuals with personal problems that may impact their sporting performance. In doing so, they treat the person like they should be robots with their sport rather than human beings.

Psychologists with no specialisation in sport and performance

In Australia and New Zealand, where all the current Condor Performance psychologists are based and trained, to become a fully registered psychologist, you must complete a minimum of 6 years of approved, supervised, and quality-ensured education before you speak to your first client independently. We are governed by a regulatory board that holds us accountable for maintaining standards of ethics, work quality, confidentiality and ongoing training to ensure the currency of knowledge.

If they are working with clients rather than in policy or administration roles, they are generally trained to work with mental health issues in what we can call mainstream life circumstances.

Pros

You know they are trained and competent as a psychologist
They work under a transparent framework and are accountable for their actions
Trained in dealing with people, relationships, pressure, grief, and mental health issues

Cons

Often, there is no or minimal training around performance enhancement techniques or theories.
They may not understand the sporting environment, the associated pressures, or the motivations of those involved, including the established hierarchies in sports teams, clubs, and competitions.
Psychologists wanting to ‘dabble’ in sports often underestimate the importance of passion and knowledge of specific sports. They incorrectly assume that the interventions to help a pro golfer perform under pressure (for example) are the same as those for a CEO. They are not!

Personal comment

Like the other groups, I have worked alongside and met many good operators in this grouping. But I’ve also met many athletes who have worked with a general/clinical/health psychologist who tells me that “the psych was fine, but the solutions they offer aren’t relevant or appropriate for their sporting environment”. The athletes have also been frustrated with the psychologist’s inability to understand how their sport works, the language of the sport, or the unique problems of their sport.

Psychologists generally aim to have clients do well in their world and cope effectively, but in sports, just doing well isn’t good enough.

Sport and Performance Psychologists

These professionals have completed the same 6 years of minimum training as other psychologists, but I have specialised in sports and performance work. This is either through specific university coursework, Master’s, and PhD programs that often lead to the legally protected term “sports psychologist,” as many of the Condor Performance team have, or via focused ongoing development after their initial general registration as psychologists and continued work in the field with ongoing supervision by highly experienced current sports and performance psychologists.

Regardless of the pathway, we are subject to the same government regulatory body that ensures ethics, quality, confidentiality, and focused continuing professional development in sports and performance work.

Pros

All the same pros as psychologists who don’t specialise in sport and performance
Trained in numerous mental skills/performance enhancement techniques, along with mental health models, that apply to sport and performance, such as visualisation, self-talk, motivations, goal setting, etc – i.e. not one trick ponies and can switch approaches to match a client
Understand that athletes are different from the “normal”, and being good isn’t enough when you seek to be elite.
Understand the relationships within, the politics of, the pressure of, the sacrifices required, the dedication required, the expectations of self, teammates, coaches, and fans, and the language of high-performance environments.

Cons

Confidentiality for clients means they can’t tell you who they’ve worked with, they can’t use testimonials or endorsements from clients, and they can’t make promises to potential clients—all of which can leave potential clients wondering if the sports and performance psychologist has credibility in their sport or situation.
Not all sports psychologists work in mental skills (performance enhancement) and well-being.
Given the number of sports out there, they may not be strong in your sport. Condor Performance can overcome this issue more easily than most, with more than ten psychologists with varied strengths and sporting interests.

Personal Comment

Sport and performance psychologists are passionate about sport and performance, which often matches their clients. The environment they work in means that their relationship with clients and maintaining things like ethical boundaries can be a little different from that of a traditional psychologist. Not many conventional psychologists will join a client at their workplace. Still, a sport and performance psychologist will often want to get to the field, track, pool, course, and oval to see how things work for their client and truly understand their environment. Our knowledge for all our clients is expanded and enhanced through each session they do with any one client. I often bring knowledge from another sport or situation to a current client to help them understand and move them forward.

Final Word

Finding the right person to work with can be overwhelming and confusing. But once you see them, they can make a difference to your overall performance. My advice would always be to consider what you are after and what you’re trying to improve for your sport.

If it’s primarily technical or tactical issues, my first suggestion would be a coach, mentor or ex-player in your sport. But if it mainly involves, or even somewhat involves, the mental side of your game, such as preparation, routines, performance anxiety, confidence, and performing under pressure. Or suppose it’s personal issues off the field that are filtering onto the field and impacting your performance. In that case, I’d recommend fully trained and regulated experts in the mind who share your passion for improving your performance.

After reading this article, if you’d like to receive detailed information about our 1-on-1 sport psychology services, please complete our Contact Form here, and one of our New Enquiries Officers will contact you to explain everything.

If, on the other hand, you are a psychologist looking for details on how to join our team, take a look at our vacancies page here instead.

Getting Into The Zone

Getting Into The Zone is something that sport psychologists have been helping athletes with for more than 60 years now. Our GM explores The Zone below.

RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL – AUGUST 8, 2016: Olympic champion Simone Biles of United States competing on the balance beam at women’s all-around gymnastics at Rio 2016 Olympic Games

What, Or Where, Is The Zone?

Competing in sport, or even coaching it, brings with it a variety of emotions and mental experiences. Rightly or wrongly, the positive ones have often been called ‘the zone’. It’s not uncommon for athletes to say, “I was in the zone today.” One of our common requests is, “Can you help me get into the zone?”.

The Zone and its cousin, Flow, describe effortless optimal performance. In both, internal processes do not prevent us from executing our skills to the best of our abilities. And typically, consistency prevails.

These same internal experiences more commonly create barriers to effective performance. They can test individuals’ mental toughness by challenging their ability to self-regulate and manage these experiences constructively. Note the idea of “self-regulation” because we want our clients to develop the skills to do this independently. Relying on others (including us as their performance psychologist) is a short-term solution only.

Self-regulation is Psychbabble for Managing Your Emotions Yourself

The widely used Yerkes-Dodson Inverted U Stress Curve suggests that we should always try to be somewhat aroused. In other words, some nerves are better than others before or during pressure.

This theory has two major flaws. Firstly, it overplays the role that emotions play in optimal performance. It incorrectly implies that athletes must feel a certain way to perform at their best. We know this is not true. Both scientific and anecdotal evidence confirm that humans can be excellent across a huge range of emotions.

Secondly, the Yerkes-Dodson model suggests that being too relaxed before competition is bad. This is BS. Unless you’re asleep and miss the opening whistle, there is no downside to being very relaxed.

The Relaxed Competition Mindset

One way to begin developing a Relaxed Competition Mindset is to understand the Zones of Awareness. These zones suggest that we can attend to information through three different zones. Zone One is an inner zone (physiological sensations), Zone Two is the middle zone (thoughts), and Zone Three is the outer zone (the five senses).

When we function well and cope with our situation, our awareness across these zones is balanced. This allows us to respond very effectively and efficiently. This is very useful in high-pressure situations because maintaining a balanced awareness means we can respond quickly to stimuli. In other words, we can maintain good levels of focus during perceived chaos.

When we get too caught up in one of the zones, we can lose this balance. This can impair our abilities and cause distress, reducing the opportunity for optimal performance.

Being Outside Of The Zone

While each person is different, how we respond to adversity is universal. In such situations, people tend to become much more aware of their self-talk and physiological state. “Oh my, I can actually feel my heart racing,” for example.

When we first notice our thinking or physiology shifting unhelpfully, strategies such as mindfulness can prove effective.

When these experiences become too intense, trying to challenge our thoughts or become more aware of our bodies can feel like adding fuel to an already burning fire. This is where the third zone (the outer zone) can become useful in helping us manage.

The Five Senses

Individuals competing outdoors might consider pulling out some grass from the field for the sense of touch. Or tightly gripping a towel and noticing the feeling. What about taste? Eating as part of a pre-match routine can help, but instead of quickly consuming the food, notice the flavours more. For each mouthful or while chewing gum, try to notice the release of flavour with each bite. With the sense of smell, we notice any smells in our environment, such as muscle rub creams. For sight, individuals may ask themselves how many colours they can notice around them. Or how many people can they count wearing hats? Listening to music as part of a pre-match routine can really help get your head out of the way.

It’s Also A Matter of Timing

It should be noted that we don’t want to consider these things while trying to execute skills. In other words, the majority of the Relaxed Competition Mindset work should be done before we start competing.

Ultimately, that’s the key. We want to be able to shift our attention and focus where necessary to restore balance and composure to your internal state. In doing so, we remove some internal barriers to performance, which puts us in a position to meet our performance potential.

If you’d like our help Getting Into The Zone, then below are a few ways to contact us:

Via email at info@condorperformance.com
Via our Contact Us form here
By completing one of our Mental Toughness Questionnaires

Risk and Reward

Although risk and reward might not seem like obvious sport and performance psychology concepts, as this insightful article shows, it’s a significant mental challenge to get the balance right when we are under pressure.

“How do I stop hesitating?” It’s one of the more common questions we get asked as Sport and Performance Psychologists. Hesitation is a common mental block experienced by athletes across all sports and can be the difference between making it and not.

Why Do We Hesitate?

Hesitation is a growing topic of conversation in the world of performance psychology. In the many conversations I’ve had with athletes on the subject, it all seems to boil down to one thing: unrealistic expectations. The advancement of sport science in recent decades has allowed us to perform to levels we never thought possible. Coincidentally, expectations have increased as well.

We’re expected to start younger, train more, and train for longer. And because of this, we hope to see results quicker. Unfortunately, progress will never be linear, no matter how much science underpins it. Now, more than ever, we underestimate how long it takes to see improvement.

The Impact of Social Media

Social media hasn’t helped in this regard. In fact, it has skewed our perception of good performance looks like. We’re living in a highlight culture. Many of us opt to watch highlights over matches from start to end. This is often due to time constraints, but also because we’re more interested in watching the ‘good parts’.

The problem with this is that we’re only exposed to the most special moments of a performance, such as a goal being scored in soccer. But we don’t see the other 89 minutes on either side of this, during which athletes worked to set this moment up, made mistakes, and were forced to problem-solve.

Due to the rising popularity of platforms like TikTok, we’re constantly exposed to once-in-a-career moments. With enough exposure, we eventually perceive this as normal or ‘the standard’ when, in reality, it’s not. This is an especially tough challenge for young athletes who have grown up in the tech age.

Professional Statistics

So, what does elite performance look like in reality? Simply put, elite athletes mess up more than we think they do. Have you ever Googled who makes the top 10 most missed baskets in the NBA of all time? If you do, you’ll notice that many of the names on that list also make the list for the top 10 scorers of all time.

You will also see more interesting data if you search the UFC record book. For example, current middleweight fighters ranked in the top 10 for striking accuracy are between 55% and 62.5% accurate. Takedown accuracy is even less, with the top 10 athletes in the same division being between 40% and 54.5% accurate.

Essentially, almost one in every two attempts fails. Yet, these are the best of the best.

If the above data hasn’t given you insight into how imperfect elite athletes are, then hopefully, Roger Federer can convince you.

Federer won 80% of his singles matches in his career but only 54% of the points. To break that down, he’s lost hundreds of matches (approximately 300) and only won roughly 1 in every 2 points. So, is being the best really about chasing perfection, or does it perhaps have something to do with the acceptance of imperfection? And sticking to the process!

Mistakes vs Occurrences

To perform freely, we need to redefine mistakes. At Condor Performance, we have categories for different types of mistakes. The first category is a mistake that is our fault (we call this a ‘mistake’), and the second is a mistake that isn’t our fault (we call this an ‘occurrence’).

Mistakes are erroneous decisions based on our desire to feel good, comfortable, or safe, but they don’t pay off.

For example, I pass the ball to my teammate because I’m afraid to miss when I have a clear path in front of me to take a shot. If any soccer players are reading this, we’d love to hear some of your examples in the comments section below.

On the other hand, occurrences are times when we did everything to the best of our knowledge, stuck to the process, and made the best possible decision with the information we had available at the time. Still, the payoff wasn’t there on that occasion.

For example, I chose to keep the puck and shoot (ice hockey) because I knew I was in the best position to score, but the goalkeeper had the game of her life and saved it. Think about how many of your mistakes were actually mistakes and how many were occurrences—times when you did everything right, but it just didn’t work. For a whole article on this topic by my colleague Lauren, click here.

Willingness to Make Occurrences … Lots of Them

Understanding professional statistics helps us understand that elite performance isn’t as ‘perfect’ as we sometimes assume it to be. This is essential in helping us set realistic expectations about a good performance. These expectations should allow plenty of occurrences to minimise mistakes as much as possible.

For example, if I’m an amateur MMA fighter and the top 1% of athletes in my sport are landing roughly one in every two strikes they throw, aiming to have a striking accuracy of 80% will only lead to me becoming highly frustrated in the cage when I struggle to achieve this. Not that getting frustrated is a bad thing (if the fighter is psychologically flexible).

A Piece of Advice

Find ways to become more okay with occurrences. If you’re a young athlete, reflect on your long-term goals and clarify how much time you have to achieve them. If you’re a 13-year-old swimmer and your goal is to make the Australian swim team one day, you’ve got anywhere from 5-15 years to accomplish this. Not getting a PB at your next meet is okay, messing up your turn at a vital meet is okay, and slipping on your backstroke start is okay. Why? Because none of these things will significantly impact your long-term goals.

A Final Note on Risk vs Reward

As performers, we’ll always be criticised no matter what. It’ll either be for A) playing it safe and not taking enough chances, or B) taking lots of chances, in which half of those probably won’t pay off. Consider which kind of criticism will take you closer to your goals and commit to it. And as always, if you need professional assistance then get in touch.

Composure As A Mental Skill

“Composure is the ruler of instability”
~ Lao Tzu

What Exactly Is Composure?

Composure is up there when we consider some of the most important mental skills to develop as an athlete or performer. But how many consider composure a mental skill that can be practised and improved?

First, let’s work out what we mean when we say composure.

The dictionary definition is “the feeling of being calm, confident, and in control.” Searching for its meaning in sports suggests “whether emotions dictated how someone performed under pressure.“

I want to explore an example from the perspective of a spectator.

As I alluded to above, the context of the situation usually plays a role. In this example, let’s say we are watching an important match, the scorelines are close, and there comes a crucial moment in the competition where an athlete can influence the outcome. When we watch them, there is a sense of poise, their body language is confident, and their movements are precise and full of conviction.

The play is booming, and the audience applauds. We intuitively know there was pressure at that moment, but the athlete did not seem to waver in their appearance and execution. The assumption we usually make after seeing this is that the athlete must have felt calm to do this. However, in my experience as a performance psychologist, athletes are commonly stressed during these moments.

The answers lie not in how we control the experience of feeling calm but more in staying committed to our performance actions while the stress is present.

The Separation Of Actions From Emotions

Fundamentally, when we talk about building composure, is the expectation that we must change our emotional state or actions? The first step towards composure is understanding our openness to our emotional experience.

If we expect to change our emotional state before taking action, this creates a significantly limited approach to our performance. Essentially, we create a condition on our performance where if it works, then we can do well, and if it does not, then we can’t. Secondly, it shifts our concentration away from the present competition in front of us. We concentrate on an uncomfortable, natural human experience we have little control over.

I want to clarify that I’m not saying we have to give up on a calm state but more about having some psychological flexibility towards it to take the most meaningful actions with or without it.

This allows us to free ourselves from the conditions of our actions, creating the opportunity for the preferred psychological experiences. Have you ever had a moment in your sport or anywhere else where you noticed pressure or emotions building up? Instead of giving into the emotional reaction, you committed to a different, more meaningful action.

Even if the outcome didn’t go your way, did you genuinely regret doing it? There is something liberating about letting go of the emotional control agenda and acting in a way aligned with who you want to be.

If you want to read more about emotions in sports, my colleague, Madalyn Incognito, has written more about them in this article.

A World-Class Example of Sporting Composure

Roger Federer is the first athlete to come to mind when considering composure as a mental skill.

If you could create an example of someone who might have “managed emotions well” after 20 grand slam titles and the way he carried himself on the court, I would have picked RF to be that guy.

However, when you listen to his interviews, time after time, he openly discusses moments where he felt pressure, felt nervous, and noticed that he had thoughts about losing. Yet he manages his body language well, trusts his preparation and prioritises his behaviour on the court first.

Hear it from the man, the legend himself:

When asked about how to stay calm under pressure, his response contains three key elements:

Be passionate and love the sport (all aspects of it)
Accepting challenging circumstances and the outcome for whatever it is
On the court, give everything you have

Having A Process Focus

As I described at the beginning, composure has a situational component. We value it more in high-pressure moments. Part of the psychology of composure is how we interpret pressure. I define pressure as an expectation to create a result. How we perceive our ability to control the results influences what we focus on, which can then influence our performance.

Try answering the question: how much control do you have over the result? For the most part, in sports, so many factors outside our control influence the result. We can execute our abilities flawlessly and still not achieve the desired outcome.

Condor Performance’s founding sport psychologist, Gareth J. Mole, goes into more detail in this article, and I highly recommend giving it some of your time.

Where we place our focus during performance matters a lot. Overfocusing on trying to create a result that we can only partially influence will create an unstable foundation for composure.

Many of the world’s best athletes take a process-focused rather than a results-focused approach.

That means that when a high-pressure situation occurs, composure is maintained by a deep understanding of what they have influence over in that moment: their actions. We observe their ability to be present in their process.

A Summary Of Composure

To summarise, composure is about how we respond to our actions when we know it is essential. Often, a mix of human experiences, thoughts and feelings accompany these moments, which can be uncomfortable. Try to practice psychological flexibility in these moments, be open to those experiences and commit to your process. Our emotions do not have to dictate our actions. Meaningful actions unhooked from emotions are what create fulfilling human experiences.

Composure is an excellent topic I could discuss further, but it is a nice way to get the ball rolling. Please share some of your thoughts or personal experiences in the comments below.

If you are ready to start working one-on-one to develop composure and mental skills, fill out one of our four Mental Toughness Questionnaires, and one of our team will get back to you with your results and information about our services.

Culture and High Performance

It might be argued that culture is not the right word. Some in the industry suggest it’s more of a buzzword than a real concept. Let’s find out!

Culture and High Performance: The Basics

As more and more of my sport psychology consulting nowadays is with whole sporting teams, I have become increasingly interested in mental skills that relate to groups of individuals. One of these is to take a look at the culture of the team.

Examples of Poor Culture

The idea of culture and high performance was extensively explored in cricket in 2018. For those who do not follow this fascinating sport or who can’t remember, here is a quick summary from Wikipedia:

The 2018 Australian ball-tampering scandal, also known as Sandpapergate, was a cricket cheating scandal surrounding the Australian national cricket team. In March 2018, during the third Test match against South Africa at Newlands in Cape Town, Cameron Bancroft was caught by television cameras trying to rough up one side of the ball with sandpaper to make it swing in flight. Captain Steve Smith and vice-captain David Warner were found to be involved, and all three received unprecedented sanctions from Cricket Australia. Although he was found not to have been directly involved, Australia’s coach, Darren Lehmann, announced he would step down from his role following the scandal. Smith was replaced by Tim Paine as captain in all formats before Aaron Finch took over from Paine in ODIs and T20Is.

After the dust had settled and the individuals who were responsible for the act were handed down their punishments, a lot of questions were still being asked about how a group of highly regarded/paid professional athletes could have ended up in such a predicament.

What Was Going Through Their Minds

How did the locker room allow for such poor decision-making? As part of the reviews, the talk switched from individual motivations to team culture. Was it ultimately a cultural issue that existed within Australian Cricket at that time?

Culture is the collective mentality and values of a particular organisation and group.

The Right Culture Should Never Be “Assumed“

It can be inherited from those who were previously members of the group. But it can also be quite fluid as some individuals depart and new individuals join. The right culture should never be “assumed”. A culture of sorts will always exist when a group of people come together and form a team whether they’re active in creating it in their preferred way or by letting it happen naturally.

I’m of the opinion that it is something that should be named openly among everyone and worked on actively so each individual associated with the organisation can have a sense of ownership and pride over what they have created. Not only this, but a strong and positive sense of culture also gives the organisation an identity. It can provide a guiding light to the individuals that can both be used as a motivator and create a sense of accountability for everyone’s individual actions.

An intentional culture can promote the well-being of an individual as they can feel accepted and belong, and, maybe the biggest thing of all, gives everyone a chance to develop a strong sense of both the individual and collection mental toughness.

How To Start Improving The Culture of Your Team

If you are a leader of a team or even a member of one, start thinking about your organisation and what you can do to create a better environment.

My recommendation is that you waste no time creating a situation where people can begin to contribute to a discussion and the organisation’s shared values can be formalised.

From our perspective as sport and performance psychologists, one of the key things that should be kept in mind and included within the process is that we can only control our efforts and therefore the culture and pursuits of the organisation should focus on giving people the opportunity to achieve consistent and high-quality effort, rather than having an obsession with results.

People often talk about a “winning culture” within a team, but for us, if this idea of “winning” is only focusing on the results you attain, then you leave yourself and your organisation vulnerable when things are not going to plan. Maybe this is what happened to the Australian Cricket Team in 2018.

The team can have goals that strive towards certain achievements, but along the way, the true reward and meaning come from how the team and individuals within it worked towards their achievements, not what was reached at the end of the road. This classic article by my colleague Gareth on the Power Of The Process is essential if you want to explore this concept in more detail.

Summary

A big part of our role when we work with an organisation is helping them to create discussions and opportunities that drive the ideas of culture for themselves. Every organisation is different, and if you wish to discuss how you can achieve the right balance between culture and high performance, we would love to hear from you.

Feel free to email me directly at david@condorperformance.com to discuss our team consulting options in more detail.